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 <title>Xah Programing Blog</title>
 <subtitle>Syntactic obsession, imperative despisal, functional love 🧡, hacker hate.</subtitle>
 <link rel="self" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.xml"/>
 <link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
 <updated>2026-02-05T17:01:50-08:00</updated>
 <author>
   <name>Xah Lee</name>
   <uri>http://xahlee.info/</uri>
 </author>
 <id>http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html</id>
 <icon>http://xahlee.info/favicon.svg</icon>
 <rights>© 2026, Xah Lee</rights>

<entry>
<title>Unicode. Replace omg 😂 by BUTTERFLY 🦋 (2026)</title>
<id>tag:20260205_170141_70b83e</id>
<updated>2026-02-05T17:01:41-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2026-02-05</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/unicode_omg_emoji_to_butterfly.html">Unicode. Replace omg 😂 by BUTTERFLY 🦋 (2026)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Deno Logo</title>
<id>tag:20260124_072154_a17637</id>
<updated>2026-01-24T07:21:54-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2026-01-24</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/logo_design/deno_logo.html">Deno Logo</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Python: Get Unicode Name, Code Point</title>
<id>tag:20260121_075738_3fe08d</id>
<updated>2026-01-21T07:57:38-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2026-01-14</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/unicodedata_module.html">Python: Get Unicode Name, Code Point</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>User Interface Design. Index</title>
<id>tag:20260121_075730_b54ffb</id>
<updated>2026-01-21T07:57:30-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2026-01-21</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/js/web_design_index.html">User Interface Design. Index</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Programing Language Design: String Byte vs Code Unit vs Code Point</title>
<id>tag:20260120_212016_2dd8c0</id>
<updated>2026-01-20T21:20:16-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2026-01-12</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/string_byte_vs_code_unit_vs_code_point.html">Programing Language Design: String Byte vs Code Unit vs Code Point</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Fsharp Indentation Syntax (2026)</title>
<id>tag:20260113_141724_ab95a9</id>
<updated>2026-01-13T14:17:24-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2026-01-13</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/fsharp_indentation_syntax.html">Fsharp Indentation Syntax (2026)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>compare popularity, Agda Coq idris fstar lean</title>
<id>tag:20260106_094619_889a75</id>
<updated>2026-01-06T09:46:19-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2026-01-06</time></div>


<ul>
<li>can LEAN be used as a general purpose programing language like fsharp.</li>
<li>sadly, no.</li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/i/grok/share/BGZ8AnmNDTGtYvkbjUNqnZmPq" data-accessed="2026-01-06" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/i/grok/share/BGZ8AnmNDTGtYvkbjUNqnZmPq</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>compare popularity, Agda Coq idris fstar lean</li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/i/grok/share/vCzLHOWXqsPUFNShQjHPgZEDR" data-accessed="2026-01-06" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/i/grok/share/vCzLHOWXqsPUFNShQjHPgZEDR</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>lazy eval should be banned. eg haskell, python iterator, JavaScript iterable.</li>
<li>what are the problems of lazy eval in programming languages.</li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/i/grok/share/ovhTFBnYHH5dFJYPNSunQHa2p" data-accessed="2026-01-06" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/i/grok/share/ovhTFBnYHH5dFJYPNSunQHa2p</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Interview with Bill Joy (creator of vi), 1984.</title>
<id>tag:20260103_085631_9526b1</id>
<updated>2026-01-03T08:56:31-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-27</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/interview_with_bill_joy.html">Interview with Bill Joy (creator of vi), 1984.</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Hackernews on Xah Lee. 2022</title>
<id>tag:20260103_085542_421c0c</id>
<updated>2026-01-03T08:55:42-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2026-01-03</time></div>


<h2>Hackernews on Xah Lee. 2022</h2>

<ul>
<li>hackernews on me. 2022</li>
<li>i got some fairly good vibes.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>hacker news on xah lee, 2022-04-10</li>
<li><a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30976337" data-accessed="2026-01-03" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30976337</a></li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/hacker_news_on_xah_lee_2022-04-10_14c42.png" alt="hacker news on xah lee 2022-04-10 14c42" width="1121" height="954" />
<figcaption>
hacker news on xah lee 2022-04-10 14c42
</figcaption>
</figure>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>how long does it take to solve each advent of code problem</title>
<id>tag:20260103_085242_2aadb2</id>
<updated>2026-01-03T08:52:42-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2026-01-02</time></div>


<ul>
<li>how long does it take to solve each advent of code problem</li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/i/grok/share/ToX4nVCiDClUk0vR8j80VMiIs" data-accessed="2026-01-02" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/i/grok/share/ToX4nVCiDClUk0vR8j80VMiIs</a></li>
<li>basically, for average coders, not geared for speed coding competition,</li>
<li>1 to 2 hours for easy early day problems.</li>
<li>2 to 4 hours for mid difficulty problems,</li>
<li>more than 4 hours or days for the last days problems.</li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Computer Graphics Are Nasty Hacks</title>
<id>tag:20260101_140427_6fdd95</id>
<updated>2026-01-01T14:04:27-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2026-01-01</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/computer_graphics_are_nasty_hacks.html">Computer Graphics Are Nasty Hacks</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>StackOverflow Gamification (2014)</title>
<id>tag:20251230_152534_b26705</id>
<updated>2025-12-30T15:25:34-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-30</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/stackoverflow_bad.html">StackOverflow Gamification (2014)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_efficient_stack.html">Python: Implementing Efficient Stack (2022)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Stackoverflow Idiots on JavaScript Compiler (2014)</title>
<id>tag:20251230_145751_71881b</id>
<updated>2025-12-30T14:57:51-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-30</time></div>


<p>
when you have a compiler that claims to compile JavaScript ES2015 code to JavaScript ES5, but does not support some objects in the ES2015 spec, such as map, set, symbols, then your compiler really isn't complete is it?
</p>

<p>
fuck the JavaScript coders and industry idiots. brainless sucking up to what corp tells them what is.
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/stackoverflow_js_compiler.html">Stackoverflow Idiots on JavaScript Compiler (2014)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>AI: Feedback Loop Problem (2025)</title>
<id>tag:20251230_084931_7f5bc3</id>
<updated>2025-12-30T08:49:31-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-30</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/ai_feedback_loop_problem.html">AI: Feedback Loop Problem (2025)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Unicode: Letter Character</title>
<id>tag:20251230_082911_599cb5</id>
<updated>2025-12-30T08:29:11-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-29</time></div>


<p>
many programing language, their variable name or function name allow only unicode letter characters.
(including, go java JavaScript python perl ocaml haskell rust nim)
</p>

<p>
what is unicode letter?
basically, no emoji, no math symbols, no dingbats, no punctuations.
only characters that are in alphabet or chinese characters.
</p>

<p>
this is a major problem because that means you cannot use math operators such as sum ∑ or circle plus ⊕ as function name.
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/unicode_letter_character.html">Unicode: Letter Character</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>stackoverflow, last gasp</title>
<id>tag:20251230_082854_f92b84</id>
<updated>2025-12-30T08:28:54-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-30</time></div>

<h3>stackoverflow, last gasp</h3>

<ul>
<li>is stackoverflow killed by ai bots</li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/i/grok/share/nJEa0VReiLtozZFIP35dXeF6m" data-accessed="2025-12-30" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/i/grok/share/nJEa0VReiLtozZFIP35dXeF6m</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: List. Get Element by Index (Part, Take, Drop, First, Last, Most, Rest)</title>
<id>tag:20251226_212954_48946f</id>
<updated>2025-12-26T21:29:54-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-26</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_Part.html">Wolfram: List. Get Element by Index (Part, Take, Drop, First, Last, Most, Rest)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_Position.html">Wolfram: List. Position (Get Positions of Elements by Pattern)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_Extract.html">Wolfram: Extract (Get Element by Position)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Windows 10 Expire Pain. Update to Windows 11 (2025-12)</title>
<id>tag:20251226_111802_209402</id>
<updated>2025-12-26T11:18:02-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-15</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/windows_10_expire.html">Windows 10 Expire Pain. Update to Windows 11 (2025-12)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Who Invented Hello World (2021)</title>
<id>tag:20251224_153050_6c16a9</id>
<updated>2025-12-24T15:30:50-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-24</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/hello_world.html">Who Invented Hello World (2021)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/why_i_hate_C_lang.html">Why I Hate the C Language (2012)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Jargon: Sum Type, Discriminated Union, Tagged Union, Disjoint Union (2016)</title>
<id>tag:20251223_145641_7713bf</id>
<updated>2025-12-23T14:56:41-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-23</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/sum_type_tagged_union.html">Jargon: Sum Type, Discriminated Union, Tagged Union, Disjoint Union (2016)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>JavaScript Sucks (2017)</title>
<id>tag:20251223_114222_200acd</id>
<updated>2025-12-23T11:42:22-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-23</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/js_sucks.html">JavaScript Sucks (2017)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/why_js_sucks.html">JavaScript is Truly Bad Language (2025)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/js/js_sucks_looping_thru_array.html">JavaScript Sucks. Variations of Looping Thru Array (2025)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/js/js_style_guide.html">Xah JavaScript Style Guide for Functional Programers</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerToys no more</title>
<id>tag:20251223_111659_821a2e</id>
<updated>2025-12-23T11:16:59-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-22</time></div>


<p>
now that text recognization from image is part of windows 11, i have no use of powertoys anymore.
</p>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>One Language to Rule Them All? Which Language to Use for Find Replace (2011)</title>
<id>tag:20251223_111357_f8891a</id>
<updated>2025-12-23T11:13:57-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-23</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/what_lang_to_use_for_find_replace.html">One Language to Rule Them All? Which Language to Use for Find Replace (2011)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Empirical Analysis of Programming Language Adoption. By Meyerovich, Rabkin (2013)</title>
<id>tag:20251222_121143_3be929</id>
<updated>2025-12-22T12:11:43-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-22</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/programming_language_adoption.html">Empirical Analysis of Programming Language Adoption. By Meyerovich, Rabkin (2013)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>History of Object Oriented Programing, by Casey Muratori (2025)</title>
<id>tag:20251222_111026_aadc9c</id>
<updated>2025-12-22T11:10:26-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-21</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/history_of_object_oriented_programing.html">History of Object Oriented Programing, by Casey Muratori (2025)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Alan_Kay_on_object_oriented_programing.html">Alan Kay on Object Oriented Programing</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/method_chaining__postfix_operator__OOP.html">JavaScript Method Chaining is not Postfix Operator (2016)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Disable Widgets in Microsoft Windows 11</title>
<id>tag:20251221_095936_20c051</id>
<updated>2025-12-21T09:59:36-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-21</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/windows_11_disable_widgets.html">Disable Widgets in Microsoft Windows 11</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>History of Object Oriented Programing (2025)</title>
<id>tag:20251219_191214_5e0bbc</id>
<updated>2025-12-19T19:12:14-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-19</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/history_of_object_oriented_programing.html">History of Object Oriented Programing (2025)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>eXtreme Programing and Agile Scam (2012)</title>
<id>tag:20251212_085907_3eac6c</id>
<updated>2025-12-12T08:59:07-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-10</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/eXtreme_Programing_and_Agile_voodoo.html">eXtreme Programing and Agile Scam (2012)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>User Interface Design: MacOS Liquid Glass</title>
<id>tag:20251212_085807_b17ea</id>
<updated>2025-12-12T08:58:07-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-12</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/MacOS_Liquid_Glass.html">User Interface Design: MacOS Liquid Glass</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>History of Function Programing Languages</title>
<id>tag:20251209_122642_e0c29</id>
<updated>2025-12-09T12:26:42-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-09</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/functional_programing_history.html">History of Function Programing Languages</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>what language is twitter written in</title>
<id>tag:20251209_122244_24b0eb</id>
<updated>2025-12-09T12:22:44-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-20</time></div>


<ul>
<li>what language is twitter written in</li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/i/grok/share/ov8Qqy16v1qpBBrgbhez0rSpQ" data-accessed="2025-11-20" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/i/grok/share/ov8Qqy16v1qpBBrgbhez0rSpQ</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>how to stop sharex from saving any thumbnail or screenshot history at all?</title>
<id>tag:20251209_122155_849b95</id>
<updated>2025-12-09T12:21:55-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-23</time></div>


<ul>
<li>how to stop sharex from saving any thumbnail or screenshot history at all?</li>
<li>i disabled history, but it sill show thumbnails.</li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/ShareX_history_2025-11-23_18cf6.png" alt="ShareX history 2025-11-23 18cf6" width="944" height="760" />
<figcaption>
ShareX history 2025-11-23 18cf6
</figcaption>
</figure>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Fuck Markdown (2025)</title>
<id>tag:20251209_121650_ac11f8</id>
<updated>2025-12-09T12:16:50-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-09</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/fuck_markdown.html">Fuck Markdown (2025)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Guile Scheme Lisp Ice-9 in Scifi</title>
<id>tag:20251209_121026_21cf41</id>
<updated>2025-12-09T12:10:26-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-09</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Guile_Ice-9_in_Scifi.html">Guile Scheme Lisp Ice-9 in Scifi</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>the surviving scheme is now guile scheme lisp. replacing racket scheme lisp.</title>
<id>tag:20251209_114449_5189ca</id>
<updated>2025-12-09T11:44:49-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-09</time></div>


<ul>
<li>the surviving scheme is now guile scheme lisp. replacing racket scheme lisp.</li>
<li>this marks one chapter in lisp history.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1998423048807170178" data-accessed="2025-12-09" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1998423048807170178</a></li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/guile_scheme_2025-12-09_138f5.png" alt="guile scheme 2025-12-09 138f5" width="1038" height="1080" />
<figcaption>
guile scheme 2025-12-09 138f5
</figcaption>
</figure>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Monospaced Font with Programming Ligatures</title>
<id>tag:20251209_114425_31bb14</id>
<updated>2025-12-09T11:44:25-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-04</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/monospaced_font_code_ligature.html">Monospaced Font with Programming Ligatures</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/font_review_2025.html">Monospace Font Review 2025</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Kilo vs Kibi, Mega vs Mibi</title>
<id>tag:20251201_233736_1b4c53</id>
<updated>2025-12-01T23:37:36-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-12-01</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/mega_vs_mebi.html">Kilo vs Kibi, Mega vs Mibi</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Object Oriented Programing Jargons and Complexities</title>
<id>tag:20251127_121413_38bade</id>
<updated>2025-11-27T12:14:13-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-27</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/oop.html">Object Oriented Programing Jargons and Complexities</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/com_lang_short_history.html">History of Programing Languages in 1 Sentence (2018)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: Local Variable (Block Module With)</title>
<id>tag:20251125_110135_5f6ca9</id>
<updated>2025-11-25T11:01:35-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-25</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_local_var.html">Wolfram: Local Variable (Block Module With)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Windows Problem: File Explorer Focus</title>
<id>tag:20251125_080422_9eb258</id>
<updated>2025-11-25T08:04:22-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-25</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/Windows_explorer_focus.html">Windows Problem: File Explorer Focus</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Python: Read STDIN</title>
<id>tag:20251124_192922_5b28eb</id>
<updated>2025-11-24T19:29:22-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-24</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_stdin.html">Python: Read STDIN</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Microsoft Windows AppData</title>
<id>tag:20251123_161553_354fc4</id>
<updated>2025-11-23T16:15:53-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-23</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/Microsoft_Windows_AppData.html">Microsoft Windows AppData</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/Windows_junction_point.html">Windows Junction Point</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/index.html">Microsoft Windows Tutorial</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/hardlink_softlink_alias_junction_plague.html">File Aliases Considered Harmful</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Security, Password, Passkeys</title>
<id>tag:20251122_165132_d12606</id>
<updated>2025-11-22T16:51:32-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-22</time></div>


<p>
currently using my biological intelligence to understand 2fa, passkey, authenticator app, Hardware security keys. very complex stuff.
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/security_password.html">Security, Password, Passkeys</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Windows Sucks: PowerToys Cannot Increase Font Size (2025-11)</title>
<id>tag:20251122_095724_5b38c6</id>
<updated>2025-11-22T09:57:24-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-22</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/Windows_PowerToys_font_size.html">Windows Sucks: PowerToys Cannot Increase Font Size (2025-11)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: Pattern Matching and Level Spec</title>
<id>tag:20251121_075842_adab4d</id>
<updated>2025-11-21T07:58:42-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-21</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_pattern_matching_level.html">Wolfram: Pattern Matching and Level Spec</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>why something is this way</title>
<id>tag:20251119_160749_c6fd67</id>
<updated>2025-11-19T16:07:49-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-19</time></div>


<p>
Usually, in programing languages or any computer related stuff, you ask why something is this way, vast majority of experts are unable to answer, they don't know.
</p>

<p>
There are people who know it, but very rare. Typically they are people who are active at the time certain design or way is formed, and are active participants.
</p>

<p>
This applies to programing language, protocols, user interface, keyboards, music notation, banking, check, credit card, etc.
</p>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>AI: chatGPT on Xah Lee (2023)</title>
<id>tag:20251116_083405_9d615f</id>
<updated>2025-11-16T08:34:05-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-16</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/xahlee/chatgpt_xahlee.html">AI: chatGPT on Xah Lee (2023)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Talk Show 2025-11-13 Ep713 Wolfram Language. Tuples, Array Dimensions, Depth Level Spec</title>
<id>tag:20251114_170510_1a5525</id>
<updated>2025-11-14T17:05:10-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-14</time></div>


<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_ep713.html">Xah Talk Show 2025-11-13 Ep713 Wolfram Language. Tuples, Array Dimensions, Depth Level Spec</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>User Interface Design: MacOS Liquid Glass</title>
<id>tag:20251114_160248_4aea8a</id>
<updated>2025-11-14T16:02:48-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-14</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/MacOS_Liquid_Glass.html">User Interface Design: MacOS Liquid Glass</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/js/web_design_index.html">User Interface Design. Index</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Talk Show 2025-11-11 Ep711 the Crimes of Open Source and Free Software Foundation</title>
<id>tag:20251112_093544_f6a8f4</id>
<updated>2025-11-12T09:35:44-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-12</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_ep711.html">Xah Talk Show 2025-11-11 Ep711 the Crimes of Open Source and Free Software Foundation</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Talk Show 2025-04-30 Ep650 Why Perl Sucks, Etymology of Fan</title>
<id>tag:20251112_092644_c05af8</id>
<updated>2025-11-12T09:26:44-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-12</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_2025-05-01.html">Xah Talk Show 2025-04-30 Ep650 Why Perl Sucks, Etymology of Fan</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Python Doc Problem: gzip</title>
<id>tag:20251112_084417_df31d9</id>
<updated>2025-11-12T08:44:17-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-12</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_doc_gzip.html">Python Doc Problem: gzip</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Python: Start Python HTTP Server</title>
<id>tag:20251110_090441_bd852d</id>
<updated>2025-11-10T09:04:41-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-10</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_http_server.html">Python: Start Python HTTP Server</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Shell Languages and the Linearization of Syntax</title>
<id>tag:20251106_084241_251564</id>
<updated>2025-11-06T08:42:41-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-06</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/shell_linear_syntax.html">Shell Languages and the Linearization of Syntax</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Talk Show 2025-11-04 Ep709 Wolfram Language Coding and Tutorial, List Operation. Emacs Workflow.</title>
<id>tag:20251105_233416_b453d7</id>
<updated>2025-11-05T23:34:16-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-11-04</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_ep709.html">Xah Talk Show 2025-11-04 Ep709 Wolfram Language Coding and Tutorial, List Operation. Emacs Workflow.</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_functions_on_list.html">Wolfram: List Operations</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_list_misc.html">Wolfram: List. Join, Union, Intersection, Difference</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_create_list.html">Wolfram: List. Create (Table)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_range.html">Wolfram: Create Flat List (Range)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_Part.html">Wolfram: List. Get Parts</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_Append.html">Wolfram: List. Add Element</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_Delete.html">Wolfram: List. Delete Element</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_filter_list.html">Wolfram: List. Filter</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_ReplacePart.html">Wolfram: List. Change Element</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_pattern_syntax.html">Wolfram: Pattern Syntax</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_level_spec.html">Wolfram: List. Level (Depth)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: List Operations</title>
<id>tag:20251030_194655_b4b2af</id>
<updated>2025-10-30T19:46:55-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-30</time></div>

<p>
updates
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_functions_on_list.html">Wolfram: List Operations</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_list_restructure.html">Wolfram: List. Partition, Reshape, Split, Gather</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_map_function.html">Wolfram: Map Function to List</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_iteration.html">Wolfram: Iteration</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_list_count.html">Wolfram: List. Same Items Counts, Tally, Group</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_list_member.html">Wolfram: List. Check Exist</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/Wolfram_Riffle.html">Wolfram: Riffle (Add at Every Nth)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Unix Shell Shebang Hack #!</title>
<id>tag:20251029_122716_f5509e</id>
<updated>2025-10-29T12:27:16-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-26</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/linux/unix_shebang_fsck.html">Unix Shell Shebang Hack #!</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/tech_writing_and_unix_humor.html">Tech Writing and Unix Humor</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell Complexity (2019)</title>
<id>tag:20251029_121549_b8c3ab</id>
<updated>2025-10-29T12:15:49-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-29</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/powershell_complexity.html">PowerShell Complexity (2019)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Talk Show 2025-10-25 Ep706 Fold and Reduce, in Wolfram Language, Emacs Lisp, JavaScript</title>
<id>tag:20251026_204432_2b6490</id>
<updated>2025-10-26T20:44:32-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-26</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_ep706.html">Xah Talk Show 2025-10-25 Ep706 Fold and Reduce, in Wolfram Language, Emacs Lisp, JavaScript</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>is there a limitation to size of STDIN</title>
<id>tag:20251025_104925_361eb4</id>
<updated>2025-10-25T10:49:25-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-25</time></div>

<ul>
<li>Computer Science. Unix and Linux (and macOS and Microsoft Windows too).</li>
<li>is there a limitation to size of STDIN.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>yes, in interactive use in shell.</li>
<li>no, when piped or done by a program.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>this is important For example when you code emacs lisp and want to call external command.</li>
<li>you can do it via command line option of a file path, or pass file content via stdin.</li>
<li>e.g. say you write a format-code command.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>Reading a file is a magnitude slower.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>full grok answer at</li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/i/grok/share/uTzwazML2Qu5hQluw87e0PJIB" data-accessed="2025-10-25" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/i/grok/share/uTzwazML2Qu5hQluw87e0PJIB</a></li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/grok_STDIN_size_limit_2025-10-25_18d69.png" alt="grok STDIN size limit 2025-10-25 18d69" width="646" height="1052" />
<figcaption>
grok STDIN size limit 2025-10-25 18d69
</figcaption>
</figure>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Programing Language: Fold vs Reduce</title>
<id>tag:20251025_102737_c4c699</id>
<updated>2025-10-25T10:27:37-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-22</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/fold_vs_reduce.html">Programing Language: Fold vs Reduce</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>in Wolfram language , What's the difference between value and definition of a symbol</title>
<id>tag:20251021_214846_d5e9d2</id>
<updated>2025-10-21T21:48:46-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-21</time></div>

<ul>
<li>spectacular answer by grok ai on advanced Wolfram language question.</li>
<li>in Wolfram language , What's the difference between value and definition of a symbol</li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/i/grok/share/B4SE8biJNpqcGnrfjamrltv0e" data-accessed="2025-10-21" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/i/grok/share/B4SE8biJNpqcGnrfjamrltv0e</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: Global Variable</title>
<id>tag:20251021_203941_e24ef6</id>
<updated>2025-10-21T20:39:41-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-21</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_var.html">Wolfram: Global Variable</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_SetDelayed.html">Wolfram: Set, SetDelayed</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_Symbol.html">Wolfram: Symbol</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/Wolfram_language_Clear.html">Wolfram: Symbol Unset, Clear, Remove</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_syntax.html">Wolfram: Syntax Shortcuts and Operators</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>hhhhh</title>
<id>tag:20251021_083903_cf8b69</id>
<updated>2025-10-21T08:39:03-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-21</time></div>

<ul>
<li>What features makes a programing language slow, in a way that is impossible to write a fast compiler regardless of effort.</li>
<li>I still do not understand.</li>
<li>How is it possible that lua is faster than python?</li>
<li>It turns out, because lua is a tiny language. Tiny lang don't have lots constructs, so it makes sense.</li>
<li>How is it possible that julia is faster than fsharp?</li>
<li>Julia is dynamic typed, fsharp is static typed.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>grok answers</li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/i/grok/share/R9Zn0fYwwV6lIiojteRQr0hfs" data-accessed="2025-10-21" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/i/grok/share/R9Zn0fYwwV6lIiojteRQr0hfs</a></li>
<li>but i don't fully understand.</li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>YouTube Clickbait Experiment (A/B Testing on Title) (2025-10)</title>
<id>tag:20251021_075918_6a072a</id>
<updated>2025-10-21T07:59:18-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-21</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/youtube_clickbait_testing_title.html">YouTube Clickbait Experiment (A/B Testing on Title) (2025-10)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Concepts and Confusions of Prefix, Infix, Postfix and Lisp Notations (2006)</title>
<id>tag:20251020_100123_5da68</id>
<updated>2025-10-20T10:01:23-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-20</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/notations.html">Concepts and Confusions of Prefix, Infix, Postfix and Lisp Notations (2006)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Jargon: Off-Side Rule, Python Indentation Syntax (2013)</title>
<id>tag:20251020_092356_8e4899</id>
<updated>2025-10-20T09:23:56-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-20</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/python_indentation_syntax_off-side_rule.html">Jargon: Off-Side Rule, Python Indentation Syntax (2013)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Jargon: Polymorphism and Dispatch (2015)</title>
<id>tag:20251020_085225_66e874</id>
<updated>2025-10-20T08:52:25-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-20</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/programing_language_polymorphism_dispatch.html">Jargon: Polymorphism and Dispatch (2015)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Python: Conditional. if then else</title>
<id>tag:20251020_065243_5fc155</id>
<updated>2025-10-20T06:52:43-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-20</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/if_statement.html">Python: Conditional. if then else</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: Load a Package or File (Get, Needs)</title>
<id>tag:20251019_182449_71e1b5</id>
<updated>2025-10-19T18:24:49-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-17</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_loading_package.html">Wolfram: Load a Package or File (Get, Needs)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_search_paths.html">Wolfram: Search Paths $Path</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Python: Lambda</title>
<id>tag:20251019_174340_fcf137</id>
<updated>2025-10-19T17:43:40-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-19</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_lambda.html">Python: Lambda</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_3000.html">The fate of reduce in Python 3000 (2005)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_lambda_guido_puzzle.html">Python, Lambda, Guido: is Language Design Just Solving Puzzles? (2006)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/the_fate_of_lambda.html">The Fate of Lambda in Python 3000 and Scheme v300 (2010)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/why_python_lambda_broke.html">Why Python Lambda is Broken and Cannot be Fixed (2013)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_2021-05-28.html">Xah Talk Show 2021-05-28 Why Python Lambda is Broken and Can't be Fixed</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/language_design_and_idioms.html">Coding Style: Why Idioms Are Bad (2012)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>1505 tabs in Firefox</title>
<id>tag:20251018_223013_9edd15</id>
<updated>2025-10-18T22:30:13-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-17</time></div>

<p>
1505 tabs in Firefox, all xah lee site articles.
</p>

<p>
did massive renaming of article titles in past week, adding a year. so one can get a sense of what year the article is written, historical context.
</p>

<p>
perhaps a thousand done, maybe 5 thousands to go. lol.
</p>

<p>
this is for pages that are essay (opinions, blog, commentary, etc.). not suitable for tutorial pages, eg python tutorial, math subjects.
</p>

<p>
to get the count in firefox, you need to right click a tab, select all, and right click on the close, it'll show count. i asked grok ai.
</p>

<p>
firefox shoulda have count at top.
</p>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/xah_lee_site_1505_tabs_Firefox_2025-10-17_23439.png" alt="xah lee site 1505 tabs Firefox 2025-10-17 23439" width="396" height="1059" />
<figcaption>
xah lee site 1505 tabs Firefox 2025-10-17 23439
</figcaption>
</figure>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Web Spam, Scam, SEO</title>
<id>tag:20251018_222927_f7e7b3</id>
<updated>2025-10-18T22:29:27-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-18</time></div>

<ul>
<li>the worsing of spam, email, in 2006.</li>
<li>in past 30 years, spam got increasingly worse, because the tech nerds, thought they gonna fight it with tech.</li>
<li>you got the spy vs spy problem, aka tech escalation.</li>
<li>one of the idiot in the early days, is paul graham, who became a spam idol for his heroic BAYESIAN spam filter, in 2002.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1979742362021863721" data-accessed="2025-10-18" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1979742362021863721</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/spam_index.html">Web Spam, Scam, SEO</a></li>
</ul>

<hr />

<ul>
<li>how to fight spam n scam properly?</li>
<li>it's not tech, it's human.</li>
<li>like in the old days, if someone steal, off with his hands.</li>
<li>not corps, not google, not facebook, not microsoft etc.</li>
<li>always focus on the person. someone, did the wrong.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1979743180594765911" data-accessed="2025-10-18" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1979743180594765911</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>AI: Donald Knuth on chatGPT (2023)</title>
<id>tag:20251018_084609_16c706</id>
<updated>2025-10-18T08:46:09-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-18</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/donald_knuth_on_chatgpt.html">AI: Donald Knuth on chatGPT (2023)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>AI: Can Machine be Intelligent? the AGI? (2025)</title>
<id>tag:20251017_111837_cf7290</id>
<updated>2025-10-17T11:18:37-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-17</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/AI_AGI.html">AI: Can Machine be Intelligent? the AGI? (2025)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>ASCII Characters</title>
<id>tag:20251011_160035_14be62</id>
<updated>2025-10-11T16:00:35-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-10</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/ascii_chars.html">ASCII Characters</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/unicode_ascii_symbols.html">Unicode: ASCII Control Characters ␀</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/emacs/misc/why_understand_ascii_control_chars.html">Why You Need to Understand ASCII (2024)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/comp_lang_unicode.html">Problem of Character Congestion in Programing Languages. ASCII Jam vs Unicode</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/emacs/misc/emacs_lisp_curly_quote_controversy.html">Emacs Lisp Doc String Curly Quote Controversy (2015)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/linux/linux_terminal_control_sequence_keys.html">Linux: Terminal Control Sequence Keys</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Stack_Overflow_offline_page.html">Stack Overflow offline page 2011-08-06</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/emacs/emacs/emacs_line_ending_char.html">Emacs: Newline Convention</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/emacs/emacs/keystroke_rep.html">Emacs Key Notations Explained (/r, ^M, C-m, RET, &lt;return&gt;, M-, meta)</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog_past_2018-10.html">Xah Programing Blog Archive 2018-10</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Python Documentation, Author Masturbation</title>
<id>tag:20251007_155925_caeec0</id>
<updated>2025-10-07T15:59:25-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-07</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_documentation_author_masturbation.html">Python Documentation, Author Masturbation</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>What is Expressiveness in Programing Languages (2005)</title>
<id>tag:20251007_094217_6c181a</id>
<updated>2025-10-07T09:42:17-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-07</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/what_is_expresiveness.html">What is Expressiveness in Programing Languages (2005)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/programing_languages_code_lengths_ratio.html">Programing Languages Expressiveness Comparison (2025)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/lang_expressiveness_practical.html">Practical Aspect of Expressiveness of a Language (2016)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/problem_of_expressive_lang.html">Problem of Expressive Programing Languages (2021)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Programing Languages Code Length Ratio Comparison</title>
<id>tag:20251007_090848_57a8ca</id>
<updated>2025-10-07T09:08:48-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-07</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/programing_languages_code_lengths_ratio.html">Programing Languages Code Length Ratio Comparison</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Programing Style: Concrete vs Abstract Code (2021)</title>
<id>tag:20251007_090838_877292</id>
<updated>2025-10-07T09:08:38-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-07</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/concrete_vs_abstract_code.html">Programing Style: Concrete vs Abstract Code (2021)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>On GPU vs CPU Algorithms Compilation, Cpp, Parallel Computation, Wolfram Physics (2023)</title>
<id>tag:20251005_161549_891293</id>
<updated>2025-10-05T16:15:49-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-05</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/gpu_vs_cpu_algorithms.html">On GPU vs CPU Algorithms Compilation, Cpp, Parallel Computation, Wolfram Physics (2023)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Computer Science, Modeling Modern Software and Hardware on an Abacus</title>
<id>tag:20251005_114035_4590c6</id>
<updated>2025-10-05T11:40:35-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-05</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/abacus_as_computer.html">Computer Science, Modeling Modern Software and Hardware on an Abacus</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Python: Function</title>
<id>tag:20251004_210648_519cf</id>
<updated>2025-10-04T21:06:48-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-23</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/function_def.html">Python: Function</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_function_rest_parameters.html">Python: Function Rest Parameters (Single Asterisk *)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_function_keyword_args.html">Python: Function Keyword Parameters (Double Asterisk **)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_lambda.html">Python: Lambda</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python3_closure.html">Python: Closure</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_decorator.html">Python: Decorator</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/classes.html">Python: Class and Object</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Python Doc Sucks: Method Resolution Order (2025)</title>
<id>tag:20251004_210613_a792e1</id>
<updated>2025-10-04T21:06:13-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-02</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/Python_Method_Resolution_Order.html">Python Doc Sucks: Method Resolution Order (2025)</a></li>

<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_doc__main__stanza.html">Python Poetry: the main Stanza</a></li>

<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_doc_index.html">Why Python Doc Sucks</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Why C Language Has the Main Function?</title>
<id>tag:20251004_210354_27ea95</id>
<updated>2025-10-04T21:03:54-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-03</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/main_function.html">Why C Language Has the Main Function?</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Programing Language Speed Comparison</title>
<id>tag:20251004_171434_1318e5</id>
<updated>2025-10-04T17:14:34-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-04</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/prog_lang_speed.html">Programing Language Speed Comparison</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Why Unix Man Page Sucks</title>
<id>tag:20251004_103635_67f89d</id>
<updated>2025-10-04T10:36:35-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-04</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/unix_man_page_sucks.html">Why Unix Man Page Sucks</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Git: What's HEAD</title>
<id>tag:20251004_102717_3ed120</id>
<updated>2025-10-04T10:27:17-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-04</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/linux/git_head.html">Git: What's HEAD</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Closure in haskell does not have state</title>
<id>tag:20251004_101224_e63e65</id>
<updated>2025-10-04T10:12:24-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-04</time></div>

<ul>
<li>Closure in haskell does not have state</li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/closure.html">What is Closure in Programing Language (2012)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>do people still use RSS</title>
<id>tag:20251004_095935_a23b5</id>
<updated>2025-10-04T09:59:35-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-04</time></div>

<ul>
<li>do people still use RSS</li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/i/grok/share/NOOdVvPpd0xeHe2InzZDr3P8v" data-accessed="2025-10-04" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/i/grok/share/NOOdVvPpd0xeHe2InzZDr3P8v</a></li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/do_people_still_use_RSS_2025-10-04_1718c.png" alt="do people still use RSS 2025-10-04 1718c" width="850" height="871" />
<figcaption>
do people still use RSS 2025-10-04 1718c
</figcaption>
</figure>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>What's Duck Type in Programing</title>
<id>tag:20251002_081439_1fe547</id>
<updated>2025-10-02T08:14:39-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-10-02</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/duck_type_in_programing.html">What's Duck Type in Programing</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/design_patterns.html">Design Patterns Fad (2025)</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/list_comprehension.html">Python: Why List Comprehension is Bad</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>What is Closure in Programing Language (2012)</title>
<id>tag:20250930_092900_3b6081</id>
<updated>2025-09-30T09:29:00-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-30</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/closure.html">What is Closure in Programing Language (2012)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Unicode: Codepoint</title>
<id>tag:20250930_064550_e9f01e</id>
<updated>2025-09-30T06:45:50-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-30</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/unicode_codepoint.html">Unicode: Codepoint</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/unicode_jargon_code_point_and_notation.html">Unicode Jargon “Code Point” and Notation U+03B1</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Why List Comprehension is Bad</title>
<id>tag:20250929_085649_e2e3fc</id>
<updated>2025-09-29T08:56:49-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-29</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/list_comprehension.html">Why List Comprehension is Bad</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/tailrecursion.html">Why You Should Avoid the Jargon Tail Recursion</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/js/web_design_header_link_to_table_of_contents.html">Web Design: Header Link Back to Table of Contents</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>World of Warcraft Screenshot Tracking Watermark (steganography)</title>
<id>tag:20250929_083804_329664</id>
<updated>2025-09-29T08:38:04-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-29</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/screenshot_tracking_watermark.html">World of Warcraft Screenshot Tracking Watermark (steganography)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Talk Show, Clips, Index</title>
<id>tag:20250927_183731_46f3f1</id>
<updated>2025-09-27T18:37:31-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-27</time></div>

<p>
updated
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_parts_index.html">Xah Talk Show, Clips, Index</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/kbd/xah_keyboard_videos.html">Xah Talk Show on Keyboard (videos)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/emacs/misc/emacs_lisp_video_tutorial.html">Emacs and Elisp Video Tutorial</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_video_tutorials_index.html">WolframLang Tutorial by Video</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Talk Show 2025-09-09 Ep700 on Whitemen Resisting Tech, Omarchy DHH skum, Wolfram Language Entity, Emacs Lisp Line to List</title>
<id>tag:20250927_183428_60367c</id>
<updated>2025-09-27T18:34:28-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-27</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_ep700.html">Xah Talk Show 2025-09-09 Ep700 on Whitemen Resisting Tech, Omarchy DHH skum, Wolfram Language Entity, Emacs Lisp Line to List</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>History, JavaScript Sharp Variable (Borrowed Feature from Common Lisp Reader Macro)</title>
<id>tag:20250926_085649_710690</id>
<updated>2025-09-26T08:56:49-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-26</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/history_js_sharp_variable.html">History, JavaScript Sharp Variable (Borrowed Feature from Common Lisp Reader Macro)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Radio Shack Chess Computer 1450 (1986)</title>
<id>tag:20250925_194345_34bdad</id>
<updated>2025-09-25T19:43:45-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-25</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Radio_Shack_Chess_Computer_1986.html">Radio Shack Chess Computer 1450 (1986)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/chess960_fisher_random_chess.html">Chess960: Fisher Random Chess</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/chesss_vs_chinese_chess.html">Chess vs Chinese Chess</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Python: How to Write a Module</title>
<id>tag:20250920_094154_b138eb</id>
<updated>2025-09-20T09:41:54-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-20</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/writing_a_module.html">Python: How to Write a Module</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Meaning of List, Array, Vector, Tuple, Slice, in Programing Languages</title>
<id>tag:20250920_094148_778f93</id>
<updated>2025-09-20T09:41:48-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-19</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/naming_of_list_things_in_computer_languages.html">Meaning of List, Array, Vector, Tuple, Slice, in Programing Languages</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Comp Lang: Comment Syntax</title>
<id>tag:20250918_141849_9d470</id>
<updated>2025-09-18T14:18:49-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-18</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/comment_syntax.html">Comp Lang: Comment Syntax</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Talk Show 2025-09-16 Ep702 the C Printf Crime and New Syntax for String, Rock-String</title>
<id>tag:20250917_122624_ce120b</id>
<updated>2025-09-17T12:26:24-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-17</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_ep702.html">Xah Talk Show 2025-09-16 Ep702 the C Printf Crime and New Syntax for String, Rock-String</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Talk Show 2025-06-02 Ep662 Wolfram Language Explore Machine Learning Features</title>
<id>tag:20250916_164538_21cc64</id>
<updated>2025-09-16T16:45:38-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-16</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_2025-06-02.html">Xah Talk Show 2025-06-02 Ep662 Wolfram Language Explore Machine Learning Features</a></li>
<li>grok wrote a simple tutorial on kotlin programing language</li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>YouTube AI Generate Video Summary (2025)</title>
<id>tag:20250916_120928_10024</id>
<updated>2025-09-16T12:09:28-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-16</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/YouTube_AI_video_summary.html">YouTube AI Generate Video Summary (2025)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/AI_writes_programing_language_tutorial.html">AI Writes Programing Language Tutorial (2025)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Grok_AI_Explains_Wolfram_Language.html">Grok AI Answers Hard Wolfram Language Questions (2025)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Does tail recursion optimization necessitate mutable variable?</title>
<id>tag:20250915_094956_ae02e9</id>
<updated>2025-09-15T09:49:56-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-15</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/mutable_variable_tail_recursion.html">Does tail recursion optimization necessitate mutable variable?</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>A New Idea of String Syntax</title>
<id>tag:20250914_221146_d06acd</id>
<updated>2025-09-14T22:11:46-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-14</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/new_idea_on_string_syntax.html">A New Idea of String Syntax</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Apache Rewrites History: Why is it Named Apache?</title>
<id>tag:20250914_100034_ee55e7</id>
<updated>2025-09-14T10:00:34-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-14</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/open_source_rewrite_history.html">Apache Rewrites History: Why is it Named Apache?</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell: Here-String</title>
<id>tag:20250914_085355_b45ebf</id>
<updated>2025-09-14T08:53:55-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-14</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_here_string.html">PowerShell: Here-String</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram Language Clones and Tools</title>
<id>tag:20250913_220633_43213b</id>
<updated>2025-09-13T22:06:33-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-13</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/Wolfram_Language_clone.html">Wolfram Language Clones and Tools</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Python: Quote String</title>
<id>tag:20250913_220622_ad4e23</id>
<updated>2025-09-13T22:06:22-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-13</time></div>

<p>
updated
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/quoting_strings.html">Python: Quote String</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_triple_quote_string.html">Python: Triple Quote String</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/string_escape.html">Python: String Escape Sequence</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/unicode_escape.html">Python: Unicode Escape Sequence</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_string_prefix_char.html">Python: String Prefix Character (u f r b)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_raw_string.html">Python: Raw String (r-prefix)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_f_string.html">Python: f-String (Format, Template)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_print_string.html">Python: Print</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_print_no_newline.html">Python: Print Without Newline</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_to_string.html">Python: Convert to String (repr, str)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/string_formatting.html">Python: Format String (Convert to String)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>HTML: XML Entities (Special Characters)</title>
<id>tag:20250913_091609_fbbc9a</id>
<updated>2025-09-13T09:16:09-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-13</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/js/html_xml_entities.html">HTML: XML Entities (Special Characters)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/emacs/emacs/elisp_unicode_representation_in_string.html">Elisp: Unicode Escape Sequence</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_f_string.html">Python: f-String (Format, Template)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Comp Lang: the Hack of C Printf Format String</title>
<id>tag:20250911_100354_85de46</id>
<updated>2025-09-11T10:03:54-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-11</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/C_lang_printf.html">Comp Lang: the Hack of C Printf Format String</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>C Programing Language Printf Sprintf Format Damage</title>
<id>tag:20250908_151945_e9b866</id>
<updated>2025-09-08T15:19:45-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-02</time></div>

<h2>C Programing Language Printf Sprintf Format Damage</h2>

<ul>
<li>Computer Science.</li>
<li>The C programing language printf sprintf or format did huge damage to programing language.</li>
<li>It is fairly complicated.</li>
<li>involving multiple issues that are not related to each other.</li>
<li>you have:</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>Number to string.</li>
<li>Conversion of decimal to binary and hexadecimal. (which also means to string).</li>
<li>Conversion of binary and hexadecimal to decimal. (which usually means string to number).</li>
<li>Control of number of digits, decimal digits.</li>
<li>A string template system.</li>
</ul>

<p>
in c, cpp, python, golang, emacs lisp, they are a single function due to hack of c lang.
</p>

<p>
also, we can see that, in past ten years, many programing language tries to fixe this problem. e.g. python had 3 totally different formatting mechanisms each separated by few years.
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_format_string.html">Wolfram: String Template (format)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_string_convert.html">Wolfram: Convert to String</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/wolfram_convert_number_base.html">Wolfram: Convert to Binary, Hexadecimal, Base 64, etc.</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Grok AI explain Wolfram language ToString and TextString</title>
<id>tag:20250908_151902_c3beb0</id>
<updated>2025-09-08T15:19:02-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-03</time></div>

<h2>Grok AI explain Wolfram language ToString and TextString</h2>

<ul>
<li>For coders, engineers, scientists. Wolfram language.</li>
<li>Formatting issues is very complex.</li>
<li>Here's grok AI explaining the different between ToString and TextString.</li>
<li>full grok answer at</li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/i/grok/share/8jnwis5O8Oj6NoJJGmNjRoPrF" data-accessed="2025-09-03" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/i/grok/share/8jnwis5O8Oj6NoJJGmNjRoPrF</a></li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/ToString_and_TextString_2025-09-03_20483.png" alt="ToString and TextString 2025-09-03 20483" width="642" height="1142" />
<figcaption>
ToString and TextString 2025-09-03 20483
</figcaption>
</figure>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: Arithmetic Basics</title>
<id>tag:20250906_101011_c333f9</id>
<updated>2025-09-06T10:10:11-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-06</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_arithmetic.html">Wolfram: Arithmetic Basics</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>YouTube AI is Amazing</title>
<id>tag:20250905_184205_5e2ef5</id>
<updated>2025-09-05T18:42:05-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-09-05</time></div>

<h2>YouTube AI is Amazing</h2>

<ul>
<li>YouTube ai is amazing.</li>
<li>Now press a button, a summary with timestamp is generated, for a one hour long video.</li>
<li>before, it takes me usually one houre to do this.</li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/YouTube_ai_summary_2025-09-05_2ce33.jpg" alt="YouTube ai summary 2025-09-05 2ce33" width="991" height="1041" />
<figcaption>
YouTube ai summary 2025-09-05 2ce33
</figcaption>
</figure>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_ep696.html">Xah Talk Show Ep696 Emacs Lisp, Insert Date, Extend Selection, Generic Map Functions</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>ai bot generate a tutorial for powershell</title>
<id>tag:20250827_164705_a066b1</id>
<updated>2025-08-27T16:47:05-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-22</time></div>

<ul>
<li>jisus, ai bot generate a tutorial for powershell function in 4 seconds, better than my years spent writing a tutorial for it.</li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/i/grok/share/tYAaU3XwjCjiM41B5Kz5fncad" data-accessed="2025-08-22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/i/grok/share/tYAaU3XwjCjiM41B5Kz5fncad</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1959084011365568832" data-accessed="2025-08-22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1959084011365568832</a></li>
</ul>

<hr />

<ul>
<li>for coders.</li>
<li>which is better?</li>
<li>grok's PowerShell tutorial or mine?</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>grok</li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/i/grok/share/tYAaU3XwjCjiM41B5Kz5fncad" data-accessed="2025-08-22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/i/grok/share/tYAaU3XwjCjiM41B5Kz5fncad</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>xah lee</li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_function.html">PowerShell: Define Function</a></li>
</ul>

<hr />

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_function_params.html">PowerShell: Function Parameters</a></li>

<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_function_body.html">PowerShell: Function Body (begin process end)</a></li>

<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_define_function_pipe.html">PowerShell: Define Function to Accept Pipe</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>On Microsoft Hatred (2002)</title>
<id>tag:20250827_164638_1635c7</id>
<updated>2025-08-27T16:46:38-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-26</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/mshatred155.html">On Microsoft Hatred (2002)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/Microsoft_monopoly.html">What is Monopoly? Apple or Google or Microsoft? (2010)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>ai news</title>
<id>tag:20250827_103348_d2a86c</id>
<updated>2025-08-27T10:33:48-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-03</time></div>

<ul>
<li>AI news. grok 4 is out if you guys haven't heard of it.</li>
<li>Also, it has a new image generation engine or feature something like that .</li>
<li>It can generate videos based on a static photograph.</li>
<li>Also, there is a new AI companion a guy named Valentine.</li>
<li>on the whole AI is amazing and tremendous.</li>
<li>AI is changing human society in a way we don't know exactly what.</li>
<li>also, I have seen demo that the new GROK AI can watch real life videos from your phone camera and tell you what it is seeing such as identifying a animal.</li>
<li>This is truly incredible in human history.</li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: Show Function Help</title>
<id>tag:20250827_103127_a605fc</id>
<updated>2025-08-27T10:31:27-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-17</time></div>

<p>
updates
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_help.html">Wolfram: Show Function Help</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_filter_list.html">Wolfram: List. Filter</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_association.html">Wolfram: Association (Key Value List)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/wl_create_association.html">Wolfram: Create Association</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_association_add.html">Wolfram: Association. Add Item</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_association_get.html">Wolfram: Association. Get Value</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_expression.html">Wolfram: Expression</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_fullform.html">Wolfram: FullForm Syntax</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_Symbol.html">Wolfram: Symbol</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/Mathematica_V2_Large_Circle_Bug.html">Mathematica V2 Large Circle Bug (1994)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Age of AI (Artificial Intelligence) (2025-08)</title>
<id>tag:20250827_102935_c0a86b</id>
<updated>2025-08-27T10:29:35-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-14</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Age_of_Artificial_Intelligence.html">Age of AI (Artificial Intelligence) (2025-08)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Abuse of Logic Operators (Short-Circuit) as Control Flow</title>
<id>tag:20250821_114806_da2375</id>
<updated>2025-08-21T11:48:06-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-20</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/programing_or_considered_harmful.html">Abuse of Logic Operators (Short-Circuit) as Control Flow</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>superb grok ai bot answer, on an esoteric qusetion on Wolfram language. AssociateTo vs AppendTo</title>
<id>tag:20250820_152008_3ab414</id>
<updated>2025-08-20T15:20:08-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-19</time></div>

<h2>superb grok ai bot answer, on an esoteric qusetion on Wolfram language. AssociateTo vs AppendTo</h2>

<p>
in Wolfram language, What's the difference between AssociateTo and AppendTo for association
</p>

<p>
<a href="https://x.com/i/grok/share/j4qK5rVK8cksjszYF6l4i5MXa" data-accessed="2025-08-19" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/i/grok/share/j4qK5rVK8cksjszYF6l4i5MXa</a>
</p>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/grok_Wolfram_language_association_2025-08-19_28507.png" alt="grok Wolfram language association 2025-08-19 28507" width="626" height="883" />
<figcaption>
grok Wolfram language association 2025-08-19 28507
</figcaption>
</figure>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_association_add.html">Wolfram: Association. Add Item</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Ontology of Programing Languages</title>
<id>tag:20250820_151827_ca2c63</id>
<updated>2025-08-20T15:18:27-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-20</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/programing_ontology.html">Ontology of Programing Languages</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/bit_operator.html">Programing Languages: Bit Operators Idiocy</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell: Disk Size</title>
<id>tag:20250820_085016_6ec438</id>
<updated>2025-08-20T08:50:16-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-19</time></div>

<ul>
<li>in powershell, how to show disk size</li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/i/grok/share/hF6eCnFb37ZsPXBFUwNkxuxbR" data-accessed="2025-08-19" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/i/grok/share/hF6eCnFb37ZsPXBFUwNkxuxbR</a></li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/PowerShell_show_disk_size_2025-08-19_20dee.png" alt="PowerShell show disk size 2025-08-19 20dee" width="624" height="869" />
<figcaption>
PowerShell show disk size 2025-08-19 20dee
</figcaption>
</figure>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_disk_size.html">PowerShell: Disk Size</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Was Lisp Foundational to the Neural Network Research (2025)</title>
<id>tag:20250819_181634_7f226e</id>
<updated>2025-08-19T18:16:34-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-17</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/lisp_neural_network_research.html">Was Lisp Foundational to the Neural Network Research (2025)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Find Replace Multi-Pairs Feedback Loop Problem</title>
<id>tag:20250819_175247_f25132</id>
<updated>2025-08-19T17:52:47-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-18</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/find_replace_feedback_loop.html">Find Replace Multi-Pairs Feedback Loop Problem</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>The Problem of Local AI Chatbot aka LLM (2025-08)</title>
<id>tag:20250819_142039_b6f34a</id>
<updated>2025-08-19T14:20:39-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-19</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/local_ai_chatbot_llm_problem.html">The Problem of Local AI Chatbot aka LLM (2025-08)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Coding Font Review (2025-08)</title>
<id>tag:20250816_144840_2db66a</id>
<updated>2025-08-16T14:48:40-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-14</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/font_review_2025.html">Coding Font Review (2025-08)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: Symbol</title>
<id>tag:20250815_092357_58ae9d</id>
<updated>2025-08-15T09:23:57-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-15</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_Symbol.html">Wolfram: Symbol</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Why PHP and JavaScript Are Great (2025)</title>
<id>tag:20250815_092321_67af80</id>
<updated>2025-08-15T09:23:21-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-15</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/PHP_is_great.html">Why PHP and JavaScript Are Great (2025)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>State of AI. Multiple String Replacement Problem</title>
<id>tag:20250813_124914_e8c3ec</id>
<updated>2025-08-13T12:49:14-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-11</time></div>

<h2>State of AI. Multiple String Replacement Problem</h2>

<ul>
<li>for coders. state of artificial intelligence.</li>
<li>wow. extremely impressive.</li>
<li>AI answered my question of vague description.</li>
<li>Told me it's called Multiple String Replacement Problem.</li>
<li>and indeed, checked out.</li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/Multiple_String_Replacement_Problem_2025-08-11_3915b.png" alt="Multiple String Replacement Problem 2025-08-11 3915b" width="643" height="530" />
<figcaption>
Multiple String Replacement Problem 2025-08-11 3915b
</figcaption>
</figure>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/Multiple_String_Replacement_Problem_2025-08-11_2c97c.png" alt="Multiple String Replacement Problem 2025-08-11 2c97c" width="668" height="678" />
<figcaption>
Multiple String Replacement Problem 2025-08-11 2c97c
</figcaption>
</figure>

<ul>
<li>brave search ai bot give further detail.</li>
<li>it mentioned 2-pass solution, which is what i was doing.</li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/Multiple_String_Replacement_Problem_2025-08-11_2caf3.png" alt="Multiple String Replacement Problem 2025-08-11 2caf3" width="827" height="967" />
<figcaption>
Multiple String Replacement Problem 2025-08-11 2caf3
</figcaption>
</figure>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1955076452753240545" data-accessed="2025-08-11" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1955076452753240545</a></li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1955079335750091003" data-accessed="2025-08-11" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1955079335750091003</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1955079635559170117" data-accessed="2025-08-11" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1955079635559170117</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/find_replace_feedback_loop.html">Find Replace Multi-Pairs Feedback Loop Problem</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram Language Warts</title>
<id>tag:20250813_093909_866de3</id>
<updated>2025-08-13T09:39:09-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-13</time></div>

<ul>
<li>For Coders. Engineers, Computer Scientists.</li>
<li>Advanced Wolfram Language (Mathematica).</li>
<li>Wolfram Language Warts. issues to watch out.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_warts.html">Wolfram Language Warts</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Why Python Array Start at Zero</title>
<id>tag:20250803_150219_7fbb1a</id>
<updated>2025-08-03T15:02:19-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-02</time></div>

<ul>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/why_python_array_index_start_at_0.html">Why Python Array Start at Zero</a></li>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Dijkstra_on_Array_Index.html">Dijkstra on Array Index</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/naming_of_list_things_in_computer_languages.html">Meaning of List, Array, Vector, Tuple, Slice, in Programing Languages</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/comp_lang_array_index_start_0_or_1.html">Should Array Index Start at 0 or 1?</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/why_is_array_access_constant_time.html">Why is Array Access Constant Time</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Java_array_syntax_soup.html">Java Array Syntax Soup: Syntactic Irregularity and Ad Hoc Logic</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/js_array_speed_vs_c.html">JavaScript Array Speed vs C Array</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/out_of_bound_array_trick.html">Programing Trick to Avoid Checking Out of Bounds Index for 2d Array</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Push Pop Array, Front or End</title>
<id>tag:20250803_145511_4715a1</id>
<updated>2025-08-03T14:55:11-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-02</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/push_pop_array__front_or_end.html">Push Pop Array, Front or End</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Git: View History (git log)</title>
<id>tag:20250803_145420_dfc521</id>
<updated>2025-08-03T14:54:20-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-02</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/linux/git_history_log.html">Git: View History (git log)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Coding Style. Using Operator vs Function Call</title>
<id>tag:20250803_114358_6704df</id>
<updated>2025-08-03T11:43:58-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-03</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/coding_style_operator_vs_function_call.html">Coding Style. Using Operator vs Function Call</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/code_formatting_one-line_vs_multi-line.html">Code Formatting. Contrast One-Line vs Multi-Line</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Bjarne Stroustrup: Why you should avoid Linked Lists</title>
<id>tag:20250801_223130_dc2317</id>
<updated>2025-08-01T22:31:30-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-01</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Bjarne_Stroustrup_on_linked_list.html">Bjarne Stroustrup: Why you should avoid Linked Lists</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: Local Variable</title>
<id>tag:20250801_221327_18b23e</id>
<updated>2025-08-01T22:13:27-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-08-01</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_local_var.html">Wolfram: Local Variable</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Lexical vs Dynamic Scope Makes No Difference in Functional Programing</title>
<id>tag:20250731_133229_8a390f</id>
<updated>2025-07-31T13:32:29-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-07-31</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/lexical_vs_dynamic_scope.html">Lexical vs Dynamic Scope Makes No Difference in Functional Programing</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Lexical vs Dynamic Scope Makes No Difference in Functional Programing</title>
<id>tag:20250731_133005_fb2d78</id>
<updated>2025-07-31T13:30:05-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-07-31</time></div>

<h2>Lexical vs Dynamic Scope Makes No Difference in Functional Programing</h2>

<ul>
<li>For Advanced Coders, Lexical vs Dynamic Scope. Extra Tip.</li>
<li>If you write your code in a pure functional programing style,</li>
<li>Lexical vs Dynamic Scope makes no difference.</li>
<li>They become an issue when you use global variables, and a local one has the same name.</li>
<li>In other words, if all your variables have unique names, it doesn't matter neither.</li>
<li>This is so for any programing language, python JavaScript lisp cpp rust haskell etc.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>The Lexical vs Dynamic Scope always excites the c cpp etc types of bitdiddlers.</li>
<li>precisely because they thrive on tricks of variable binding, memory states, and no like functional programing.</li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Lexical vs Dynamic Scope in a Term Rewriting System</title>
<id>tag:20250731_114630_4d3b9a</id>
<updated>2025-07-31T11:46:30-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-07-30</time></div>

<h2>Lexical vs Dynamic Scope in a Term Rewriting System</h2>

<ul>
<li>For Advanced Coders, Computer Science. Lexical vs Dynamic Scope.</li>
<li>Complicated issue, but more so, they take different meaning in a term rewriting system such as Wolfram language.</li>
<li>Because in a term rewriting system, every symbol is global.</li>
<li>If you want local variable with lexical scope, what it really means, is change the symbol names in a block.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_local_var.html">Wolfram: Local Variable</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_numerical_result.html">Wolfram: Force Numerical Result</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: Shell Scripting Tasks</title>
<id>tag:20250728_130454_51b208</id>
<updated>2025-07-28T13:04:54-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-07-28</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_shell_task.html">Wolfram: Shell Scripting Tasks</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/wolframlang_read_file.html">Wolfram: Read File</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_nav_dir.html">Wolfram: Navigate Directory</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_filename_extension.html">Wolfram: File Name Extension</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_write_package.html">Wolfram: Writing a Package</a></li>

<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_loading_package.html">Wolfram: Load a Package or File</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_script_path.html">Wolfram: Get Script Path, Notebook Dir</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_path_functions.html">Wolfram: File Path Functions</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Python Tutorial</title>
<id>tag:20250725_103352_d83a19</id>
<updated>2025-07-25T10:33:52-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-07-25</time></div>

<ul>
<li>For Tech Nerds.</li>
<li>Python, one of the worst programing language, created by the also-ran and cocky rigid lowest-iq nerd guido von rossum.</li>
<li>But it is pop, due to deep Google push.</li>
<li>learn python in a week.</li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/index.html">Python Tutorial</a></li>
<li>like and share.</li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Binary / Hexadecimal Converter</title>
<id>tag:20250725_103343_41970d</id>
<updated>2025-07-25T10:33:43-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-07-25</time></div>

<p>
JavaScript toy, for beginning coders.
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/binary_converter.html">Binary / Hexadecimal Converter</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/binary_number.html">What is Binary Number</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/what_is_byte.html">What is Byte</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/hexadecimal_number.html">Hexadecimal Notation</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/ascii_chars.html">ASCII Characters</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Elisp: Reduce (Fold)</title>
<id>tag:20250724_085817_5204a</id>
<updated>2025-07-24T08:58:17-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-07-23</time></div>

<ul>
<li>for advanced coders. functional programing.</li>
<li>how you document the function matters.</li>
<li>i learned about reduce aka fold in wolfram lang since 1992.</li>
<li>have used it diff language plenty for 30 years.</li>
<li>but only till recent years, i realized, it was a general purpose loop construct in functional programing style.</li>
<li>and perhaps was historically invented for that.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>Wolfram language has also FoldWhile.</li>
<li>That is like reduce but with a condition to stop.</li>
<li>this is superb.</li>
<li>this is added only in 2020.</li>
<li>you wont find it in other programing languages.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/emacs/emacs/elisp_reduce.html">Elisp: Reduce (Fold)</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/js/js_Array.prototype.reduce.html">JS: Array.prototype.reduce</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/js/js_Array.prototype.reduceRight.html">JS: Array.prototype.reduceRight</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_Fold.html">Wolfram: Fold (reduce)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_recursion.html">Wolfram: Recursion</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>The Communism Behind Mozilla Firefox (Jamie Zawinski, jwz. 2016)</title>
<id>tag:20250722_103137_3c576b</id>
<updated>2025-07-22T10:31:37-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-07-22</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Mozilla_logo_communism.html">The Communism Behind Mozilla Firefox (Jamie Zawinski, jwz. 2016)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Jamie_Zawinski_on_Elon_Musk.html">Jamie Zawinski (jwz) on Elon Musk (2024)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/jwz_vs_xah_twitter_spat.html">Jamie Zawinski (jwz) vs Xah Lee Twitter Spat (2016)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Windows Terminal</title>
<id>tag:20250717_084634_800ad8</id>
<updated>2025-07-17T08:46:34-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-07-17</time></div>

<p>
discovered that you can split windows on Microsoft Windows terminal.
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/windows_terminal.html">Windows Terminal</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Talk Show 2025-07-14 Ep681 Wolfram Language List Permutation, Combinatorics</title>
<id>tag:20250714_215148_10caea</id>
<updated>2025-07-14T21:51:48-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-07-14</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_ep681.html">Xah Talk Show 2025-07-14 Ep681 Wolfram Language List Permutation, Combinatorics</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_list_combinatorics.html">Wolfram: List. Combinatorics</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: List Files (Walk Directory)</title>
<id>tag:20250708_185342_8c2c5b</id>
<updated>2025-07-08T18:53:42-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-07-05</time></div>

<ul>
<li>For coders. List Files (Walk Directory). Programing Language Comparison.</li>
<li>Wolfram language is one single line.</li>
<li>Bash and PowerShell is 1 line too, but less powerful.</li>
<li>Python is 4 lines.</li>
<li>Emacs lisp is 1 line, complicated.</li>
<li>Golang is 20 lines, super complicated.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_list_files.html">Wolfram: List Files (Walk Directory)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/emacs/emacs/elisp_traverse_dir.html">Elisp: Walk Directory, List Files</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python3_traverse_dir.html">Python: Walk Directory, List Files</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_list_file_by_pattern.html">PowerShell: List Files by Wildcard Name Pattern</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/golang/golang_walk_dir.html">Golang: Walk Directory, List Files</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Talk Show 2025-07-08 Ep676 Perl Find Replace, Format Perl Code, and in Emacs</title>
<id>tag:20250708_125406_815079</id>
<updated>2025-07-08T12:54:06-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-07-08</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_ep676.html">Xah Talk Show 2025-07-08 Ep676 Perl Find Replace, Format Perl Code, and in Emacs</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Perl: Find Replace Text in Directory 📜</title>
<id>tag:20250708_125348_67d973</id>
<updated>2025-07-08T12:53:48-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-07-08</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/perl/perl_find_replace_in_dir.html">Perl: Find Replace Text in Directory 📜</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/perl/perl_print.html">Perl: Print</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/perl/perl_regex.html">Perl: Regex Tutorial</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Golang: Array</title>
<id>tag:20250708_125222_15f9ad</id>
<updated>2025-07-08T12:52:22-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-07-04</time></div>

<p>
updated
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/golang/golang_array.html">Golang: Array</a></li>

<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/golang/golang_function.html">Golang: Function</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/golang/golang_walk_dir.html">Golang: Walk Directory, List Files</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/golang/golang_path_filepath.Walk.html">Golang: Walk Dir (old) 👎</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/golang/golang_rune.html">Golang: Rune</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/golang/golang_iterate_slice.html">Golang: Iterate Array, Map</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/golang/golang_map.html">Golang: Map</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Perl: Boolean. True, False</title>
<id>tag:20250708_080523_8b1ac1</id>
<updated>2025-07-08T08:05:23-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-07-08</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/perl/perl_true_false.html">Perl: Boolean. True, False</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Linux: Walk Dir. find, xargs</title>
<id>tag:20250630_085008_179171</id>
<updated>2025-06-30T08:50:08-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-30</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/linux/linux_shell_find_example.html">Linux: Walk Dir. find, xargs</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Talk Show 2025-06-23 Ep668 Politics. Lgbtq SJW BLM Trans Era, Recycle Scam, Covid, Ukraine, Gz, India.</title>
<id>tag:20250630_073758_73a241</id>
<updated>2025-06-30T07:37:58-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-30</time></div>

<ul>
<li>Do you miss being called the greatest troll.</li>
<li>Richard Stallman did damage to emacs, Guido von Rossum idiot of python, and DHH skum of ruby on rails.</li>
<li><a href="https://youtu.be/INmTDdjkjdE?t=2594" data-accessed="2025-07-03" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://youtu.be/INmTDdjkjdE?t=2594</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_ep668.html">Xah Talk Show 2025-06-23 Ep668 Politics. Lgbtq SJW BLM Trans Era, Recycle Scam, Covid, Ukraine, Gz, India.</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: ToonShading</title>
<id>tag:20250629_142043_3bfbc5</id>
<updated>2025-06-29T14:20:43-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-29</time></div>

<ul>
<li>amazing.</li>
<li>discovered toon shading.</li>
<li>that is, cast shadow in a style of cartoon.</li>
<li>technically, it is simplify shades of shadows into just a few colors.</li>
<li>new in 2020, Wolfram language.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/Wolfram_ToonShading.html">Wolfram: ToonShading</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram Language for Programers</title>
<id>tag:20250629_075458_3e69e2</id>
<updated>2025-06-29T07:54:58-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-28</time></div>

<ul>
<li>For programers, scientists, engineers.</li>
<li>Changing the name, from Wolfram Language in Depth to Wolfram Language for Programers.</li>
<li>Hard choice.</li>
<li>“in Depth” because the tutorial gets you to understand the symbolic term rewriting system. But Wolfram language is huge. Maybe “in Depth” is too tall a name.</li>
<li>“for Programers” apply, because my tutorial is for industrial coders who are not familiar with scientific programing.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>In depth tutorial that covers how Wolfram language as symbolic term rewriting system is rare.</li>
<li>In depth Tutorial that covers how Wolfram language as a programing language is also rare.</li>
<li>(typically, Wolfram language tutorial or books cover it as a practical application to solve math equations and machine learning etc.)</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/wolfram_language_tutorial.html">Wolfram Language for Programers</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell: Count Number of Files</title>
<id>tag:20250629_075405_30eb56</id>
<updated>2025-06-29T07:54:05-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-29</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_count_number_of_files.html">PowerShell: Count Number of Files</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_list_file_by_pattern.html">PowerShell: List Files by Wildcard Name Pattern</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell: Extract zip tar 7z lz</title>
<id>tag:20250628_093034_46b023</id>
<updated>2025-06-28T09:30:34-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-28</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_unzip.html">PowerShell: Extract zip tar 7z lz</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>What is High Dynamic Range Image (HDRI)</title>
<id>tag:20250624_134456_35482d</id>
<updated>2025-06-24T13:44:56-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-24</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/img/image_editing.html">What is High Dynamic Range Image (HDRI)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell: Run PowerShell from cmd.exe via STDIN</title>
<id>tag:20250624_092134_a82fd2</id>
<updated>2025-06-24T09:21:34-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-24</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_from_cmdexe.html">PowerShell: Run PowerShell from cmd.exe via STDIN</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Second Life Virtual World, The Worst Technology Hack</title>
<id>tag:20250624_090301_38222e</id>
<updated>2025-06-24T09:03:01-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-24</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Second_Life_giant_hack.html">Second Life Virtual World, The Worst Technology Hack</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Fundamental Problems of LISP, the Cons Cell</title>
<id>tag:20250622_065018_7223d9</id>
<updated>2025-06-22T06:50:18-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-21</time></div>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/xah_hacker_news_lisp_cons_2025-06-22_0fd85.png" alt="xah hacker news lisp cons 2025-06-22 0fd85" width="726" height="193" />
<figcaption>
xah hacker news lisp cons 2025-06-22 0fd85
</figcaption>
</figure>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44310996" data-accessed="2025-06-22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44310996</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/lisp_cons_problem.html">Fundamental Problems of LISP, the Cons Cell</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Perl: Print</title>
<id>tag:20250617_071211_8cecec</id>
<updated>2025-06-17T07:12:11-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-17</time></div>

<ul>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/perl/perl_print.html">Perl: Print</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell: File Date Time</title>
<id>tag:20250616_150423_833ada</id>
<updated>2025-06-16T15:04:23-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-16</time></div>

<ul>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_file_datetime.html">PowerShell: File Date Time</a></li>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_file_read_only.html">PowerShell: Set File Read Only Attribute</a></li>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_copy_file.html">PowerShell: Copy File</a></li>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_rename_file.html">PowerShell: Rename File</a></li>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_move_file.html">PowerShell: Move File</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_join_files.html">PowerShell: Join Files</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_delete_dir.html">PowerShell: Delete Directory</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_delete_file.html">PowerShell: Delete File</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/piping_output_input.html">PowerShell: Pipe</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_pipe_commands.html">PowerShell: Pipeline Commands</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_set_file_attributes.html">PowerShell: Set a File's Attributes</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell: File Properties</title>
<id>tag:20250615_093641_41af3f</id>
<updated>2025-06-15T09:36:41-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-15</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_properties.html">PowerShell: File Properties</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell: Array</title>
<id>tag:20250611_214054_7e05b9</id>
<updated>2025-06-11T21:40:54-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-07</time></div>

<p>
minor updates
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_array.html">PowerShell: Array</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_to_array.html">PowerShell: Array Sub-Expression Operator, Collection to Array</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_array_types.html">PowerShell: Array and Types</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_nested_array.html">PowerShell: Nested Array, Multi-Dimensional Array</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_array_get_item.html">PowerShell: Array, Get Items</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_array_set_item.html">PowerShell: Array, Set Item</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_collection_contains.html">PowerShell: Test If Collection Contains a Value</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_array_join.html">PowerShell: Join Array, Append</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_filter_array.html">PowerShell: Filter Array (Where-Object)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_array_clear.html">PowerShell: Delete Array, Clear Array</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_array_to_string.html">PowerShell: Array to String</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_array_methods.html">PowerShell: Array Methods</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_loop_array.html">PowerShell: Iterate Array</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_boolean.html">PowerShell: True, False (boolean)</a></li>

<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_test_equality.html">PowerShell: Test Equality</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_cmdlet.html">PowerShell: What is Cmdlet</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_object_type.html">PowerShell: Object Type, Properties, Methods</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram Language Clones and Tools</title>
<id>tag:20250611_091518_7d1d30</id>
<updated>2025-06-11T09:15:18-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-11</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/Wolfram_Language_clone.html">Wolfram Language Clones and Tools</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: Source Code Encoding and Unicode</title>
<id>tag:20250605_113236_3e1944</id>
<updated>2025-06-05T11:32:36-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-05</time></div>

<p>
misc updates
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/mathematica_unicode.html">Wolfram: Source Code Encoding and Unicode</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/paradigm.html">Voodoos of Software Engineering</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/unicode_w3c_icons.html">W3C Proposed Icons for Internet before Unicode</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>The Nature of the Unix Philosophy</title>
<id>tag:20250605_113201_fa8ebc</id>
<updated>2025-06-05T11:32:01-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-04</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/unix_phil.html">The Nature of the Unix Philosophy</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/shell_syntax_sucks.html">Why Unix Shell Syntax Sucks</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/unix_shell_syntax_history.html">Unix Shell Syntax History</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/unix_tool_do_one_thing_well.html">Do Unix Tools Do One Thing Well</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/unix_origin_of_dot_filename.html">Origin of Unix Dot File Names (Rob Pike. 2012)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/unix_pipes_and_functional_lang.html">Origin of Unix Pipe</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/_/The_X-Windows_Disaster.html">The X-Windows Disaster (X11) (1994)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/the_unix_haters_handbook.html">The Unix-Haters Handbook</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/mac_os_xs_DS_Store_unix_init_svn.html">Linux Dot File Problems: .svn .htaccess .DS_Store etc (2011)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Why Unix Man Page Sucks</title>
<id>tag:20250603_223848_1a60ea</id>
<updated>2025-06-03T22:38:48-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>
<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-03</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/unix_man_page_sucks.html">Why Unix Man Page Sucks</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>John McCarthy LISP, 1960. Recursive Functions of Symbolic Expressions</title>
<id>tag:20250603_123712_3c49f9</id>
<updated>2025-06-03T12:37:12-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-03</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/LISP_John_McCarthy_1960.html">John McCarthy LISP, 1960. Recursive Functions of Symbolic Expressions</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Jargon: Garbage Collection</title>
<id>tag:20250603_122340_669fc0</id>
<updated>2025-06-03T12:23:40-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-03</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/garbage_collection_jargon.html">Jargon: Garbage Collection</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/doc_js_weakset_garbage_collection.html">Computer Science, Technical Writing. On Documentation of JavaScript Weakset</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>on programing culture and hackers, garbage-collection</title>
<id>tag:20250601_230012_baca63</id>
<updated>2025-06-01T23:00:12-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-31</time></div>

<h2>on programing culture and hackers, garbage-collection</h2>

<ul>
<li>whenever i see “garbage-collection” mentioned by coders, typically by the c cpp rust types, in my mind i register a bitdiddler.</li>
<li>i ignore whatever they have to say.</li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/garbage_collection_bit_diddling_2025-05-31_20f0c.png" alt="garbage collection bit diddling 2025-05-31 20f0c" width="648" height="784" />
<figcaption>
garbage collection bit diddling 2025-05-31 20f0c
<a href="https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1928916724939997487" data-accessed="2025-05-31" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1928916724939997487</a>
</figcaption>
</figure>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/garbage_collection_bit_diddling_2025-05-31_21020.png" alt="garbage collection bit diddling 2025-05-31 21020" width="641" height="700" />
<figcaption>
garbage collection bit diddling 2025-05-31 21020
<a href="https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1928914825104543944" data-accessed="2025-05-31" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1928914825104543944</a>
</figcaption>
</figure>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Iterator, Enumerator, Abstraction Went Wrong</title>
<id>tag:20250601_184451_5c1b5e</id>
<updated>2025-06-01T18:44:51-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-01</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/iterator_enumerator_abstraction.html">Iterator, Enumerator, Abstraction Went Wrong</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Iterators: Signs of Weakness in Object-Oriented Languages (By Henry G Baker, 1992)</title>
<id>tag:20250601_150722_5d42ab</id>
<updated>2025-06-01T15:07:22-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-06-01</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/iterator_oop_lang_weak.html">Iterators: Signs of Weakness in Object-Oriented Languages (By Henry G Baker, 1992)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>the most idiotic zoomer drivel on js promise.</title>
<id>tag:20250528_164127_1d94ea</id>
<updated>2025-05-28T16:41:27-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-24</time></div>

<ul>
<li>humor for hackers.</li>
<li>the most idiotic zoomer drivel on js promise.</li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/w3schools_js_promise_2025-05-24_14ef2.png" alt="w3schools js promise 2025-05-24 14ef2" width="769" height="1085" />
<figcaption>
w3schools js promise 2025-05-24 14ef2
</figcaption>
</figure>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1926067867549663693" data-accessed="2025-05-24" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1926067867549663693</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>cpp doc is incomprehensible (2025)</title>
<id>tag:20250528_163915_613cf3</id>
<updated>2025-05-28T16:39:15-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-27</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/cpp_doc.html">cpp doc is incomprehensible (2025)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of Ugliness of Software Tech</title>
<id>tag:20250528_141454_2043b2</id>
<updated>2025-05-28T14:14:54-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-28</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/why_software_tech_is_ugly.html">An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of Ugliness of Software Tech</a></li>
</ul>

<p>
Summary:
Ugly programing languages, protocols, in computing industry, is gonna be with us, forever.
Because, it is not a matter of excellence in technical design, but rather, money and corps and power.
</p>

<p>
If you want better software tech, you need to get rid of corruption in society first.
</p>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Golang is 10 times faster then JavaScript (2025)</title>
<id>tag:20250528_125634_e744d6</id>
<updated>2025-05-28T12:56:34-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-28</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/typescript/Golang_vs_JavaScript.html">Golang is 10 times faster then JavaScript (2025)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/typescript/Golang_vs_JavaScript.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>The problems of JavaScript</title>
<id>tag:20250527_121558_360c06</id>
<updated>2025-05-27T12:15:58-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/why_js_sucks.html">The Problems of JavaScript</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/why_js_sucks.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>The General Purpose of Fold/Reduce Function</title>
<id>tag:20250527_121146_2c9ec2</id>
<updated>2025-05-27T12:11:46-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-27</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/fold_reduce.html">The General Purpose of Fold/Reduce Function</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/loop_and_iteration.html">Programing Language Design. Loop and Iteration.</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>What is Bit Diddling</title>
<id>tag:20250524_111718_1dc548</id>
<updated>2025-05-24T11:17:18-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-24</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/bit_diddling.html">What is Bit Diddling</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/bit_diddling.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: Iteration</title>
<id>tag:20250522_114544_ccf5cd</id>
<updated>2025-05-22T11:45:44-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-22</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_iteration.html">Wolfram: Iteration</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/emacs/emacs/elisp_mapcar_loop.html">Elisp: Sequence. Iteration Guide</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Optimize SVG File</title>
<id>tag:20250522_114508_1846f7</id>
<updated>2025-05-22T11:45:08-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-21</time></div>

<ul>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/img/optimize_svg.html">Optimize SVG File</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/golang/golang_filename_extension.html">Golang: Filename Extension</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/linux/git_clone_project.html">Git: Clone a Project</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>The Jargon Callback Function</title>
<id>tag:20250520_204545_1d237f</id>
<updated>2025-05-20T20:45:45-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-20</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/jargon_callback_function.html">The Jargon Callback Function</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/jargon_callback_function.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>What is Wolfram Language</title>
<id>tag:20250520_100051_91df8</id>
<updated>2025-05-20T10:00:51-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-20</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/Wolfram_Language_philosophy.html">What is Wolfram Language</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/M/Wolfram_Language_philosophy.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: Animation</title>
<id>tag:20250519_223321_e72668</id>
<updated>2025-05-19T22:33:21-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-17</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_animation.html">Wolfram: Animation</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>for coders, scientists.</li>
<li>In Wolfram language, here's how to load a file.</li>
<li>note, Wolfram <code>Get</code> is analogous to emacs lisp <code>load</code>.</li>
<li>note, Wolfram <code>Needs</code> is analogous to emacs lisp <code>require</code>.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_loading_package.html">Wolfram: Load a Package or File</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_init_dir.html">Wolfram: Init Dir, Library Dir</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>ID String Length Design, Radix vs Length</title>
<id>tag:20250517_145615_64b0b7</id>
<updated>2025-05-17T14:56:15-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-17</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/math/id_system_number_base_vs_number_of_digits.html">ID String Length Design, Radix vs Length</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/math/id_system_number_base_vs_number_of_digits.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>JS: Number</title>
<id>tag:20250517_104633_2819be</id>
<updated>2025-05-17T10:46:33-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-17</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/js/js_number.html">JS: Number</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_number.html">Python: Number</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/emacs/emacs/elisp_number.html">Elisp: Number</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_number.html">Wolfram: Number</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Python: Number</title>
<id>tag:20250517_102852_e1c232</id>
<updated>2025-05-17T10:28:52-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-17</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_number.html">Python: Number</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_number.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Object Oriented Programing, Origin of Inheritance</title>
<id>tag:20250509_221810_19f252</id>
<updated>2025-05-09T22:18:10-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-09</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/oop_inheritance_origin.html">Object Oriented Programing, Origin of Inheritance</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/oop_inheritance_origin.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Python: Operators</title>
<id>tag:20250506_104136_88ed27</id>
<updated>2025-05-06T10:41:36-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-05</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python3_operators.html">Python: Operators</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/python/python3_operators.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell: Path parameter</title>
<id>tag:20250505_090838_71835f</id>
<updated>2025-05-05T09:08:38-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-05</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_path.html">PowerShell: Path parameter</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_path.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Perl cult</title>
<id>tag:20250502_113922_ecd58e</id>
<updated>2025-05-02T11:39:22-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-01</time></div>

<p>
perl cult
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/perlr.html">Perl Books Survey 2002</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/perl_one-liner_screw.html">Perl One-Liner Screw</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/theory_practice.html">Perl: Theory vs Practice</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/theory_practice2.html">Theory vs Practice Voodoo</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/perl_laziness.html">Laziness, Perl, and Larry Wall</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/larry_wall_n_cults.html">Larry Wall and Cults</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/perl_raison.html">Perl's raison d'être</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/wall_stallman.html">On the Survival Strategies of Larry Wall vs Richard Stallman</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/emacs/emacs/elisp_text_processing_lang.html">Text Processing: Emacs Lisp vs Perl</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/what_is_expresiveness.html">What is Expressiveness in Programing Languages</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Talk Show 2025-04-30 Ep650 Why Perl Sucks, Etymology of Fan</title>
<id>tag:20250501_192840_9c6476</id>
<updated>2025-05-01T19:28:40-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-01</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_2025-05-01.html">Xah Talk Show 2025-04-30 Ep650 Why Perl Sucks, Etymology of Fan</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_2025-04-28.html">Xah Talk Show 2025-04-28 Ep649 why JavaScript Object System Sucks</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_2025-05-01.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>What is Bit Diddling</title>
<id>tag:20250501_192300_d71550</id>
<updated>2025-05-01T19:23:00-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-04-30</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/bit_diddling.html">What is Bit Diddling</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/bit_diddling.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Web Dev JavaScript DHTML Tutorial History</title>
<id>tag:20250501_192151_8a0efc</id>
<updated>2025-05-01T19:21:51-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/xah_webdev_js_history.html">Xah Web Dev JavaScript DHTML Tutorial History</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/xah_webdev_js_history.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Talk Show 2025-04-24 Ep646 install ai chatbot deepseek locally</title>
<id>tag:20250501_191427_f274d3</id>
<updated>2025-05-01T19:14:27-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-04-27</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_2025-04-24.html">Xah Talk Show 2025-04-24 Ep646 install ai chatbot deepseek locally</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_2025-04-24.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell: Color Prompt</title>
<id>tag:20250501_191412_a87d8d</id>
<updated>2025-05-01T19:14:12-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-05-01</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_prompt.html">PowerShell: Color Prompt</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_prompt.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Replace C by Golang in Linux Kernel</title>
<id>tag:20250501_191014_7882f5</id>
<updated>2025-05-01T19:10:14-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-04-26</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/write_os_in_golang.html">Replace C by Golang in Linux Kernel</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/write_os_in_golang.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>nvidia-smi</title>
<id>tag:20250501_190339_eddd34</id>
<updated>2025-05-01T19:03:39-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-04-25</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/nvidia-smi.html">nvidia-smi</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/nvidia-smi.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>xah lee web, ten thousand files, tag for tag</title>
<id>tag:20250422_212620_b7918d</id>
<updated>2025-04-22T21:26:20-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-04-22</time></div>

<h2>xah lee web, ten thousand files, tag for tag</h2>

<ul>
<li>ten thousand html files.</li>
<li>written manually, tag for tag, char for char.</li>
<li>since 1997.</li>
<li><a href="https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1914825678115234225" data-accessed="2025-04-22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1914825678115234225</a></li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/xah_web_ten_thousand_2025-04-22_27ec0.png" alt="xah web ten thousand 2025-04-22 27ec0" width="824" height="234" />
<figcaption>
xah web ten thousand 2025-04-22 27ec0
</figcaption>
</figure>

<ul>
<li>btw, the change is this.</li>
<li>from:</li>
<li><code>&lt;meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /&gt;</code></li>
<li>to:</li>
<li><code>&lt;meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /&gt;</code></li>
<li>a nasty thing Apple introduced, late milen dolts bought.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="../js/html_meta_viewport.html">HTML: Viewport Meta Tag</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>ollama. ai bot install</title>
<id>tag:20250422_211900_9de505</id>
<updated>2025-04-22T21:19:00-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-04-22</time></div>

<h2>ollama. ai bot install</h2>

<ul>
<li>ollama. very nice.</li>
<li>thx to frenzie.</li>
<li>gonna install deepseek and flux soon, livestream it.</li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/aibot_ollama_2025-04-22_33901.png" alt="aibot ollama 2025-04-22 33901" width="384" height="418" />
<figcaption>
aibot ollama 2025-04-22 33901
<a href="https://ollama.com/" data-accessed="2025-04-22" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://ollama.com/</a>
</figcaption>
</figure>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell: Eval Variable, String, ScriptBlock</title>
<id>tag:20250417_022329_52cf41</id>
<updated>2025-04-17T02:23:29-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-04-09</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_eval.html">PowerShell: Eval Variable, String, ScriptBlock</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_print.html">PowerShell: Print</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>TypeScript: Type Syntax</title>
<id>tag:20250417_022242_c5048f</id>
<updated>2025-04-17T02:22:42-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-04-13</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/typescript/ts_type_syntax.html">TypeScript: Type Syntax</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/typescript/ts_define_type.html">TypeScript: Define Type</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>reason am learning fsharp</title>
<id>tag:20250417_022208_30b896</id>
<updated>2025-04-17T02:22:08-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-04-16</time></div>

<ul>
<li>the reason am learning fsharp is that:</li>
<li>how immutable list, hashtable, etc works for real-life software needs. (e.g. the O in OCAML)</li>
<li>i still no understand how oop works in fp,</li>
<li>learn pattern matching in a f lang. how it compared to Wolfram language. (seems, no comparison at all. they are a magnitude lesser then patterns in Wolfram)</li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Fsharp: String</title>
<id>tag:20250417_022134_ea69e4</id>
<updated>2025-04-17T02:21:34-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-04-16</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/fsharp/fsharp_string.html">Fsharp: String</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/fsharp/fsharp_at_sign_string.html">Fsharp: At Sign @ String</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/fsharp/fsharp_string_template.html">Fsharp: Dollar Sign String (Template, Interpolated)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/fsharp/fsharp_string_escape.html">Fsharp: String Escape Sequence</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/fsharp/fsharp_string_operations.html">Fsharp: String Operations</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram Language Clones and Tools</title>
<id>tag:20250414_230759_cf30fc</id>
<updated>2025-04-14T23:07:59-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-04-14</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/Wolfram_Language_clone.html">Wolfram Language Clones and Tools</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/M/Wolfram_Language_clone.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell Complexity</title>
<id>tag:20250414_113832_dc3c89</id>
<updated>2025-04-14T11:38:32-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-04-14</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/powershell_complexity.html">PowerShell Complexity</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/powershell_complexity.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Windows: Command Names for Settings Panel and Special Folders</title>
<id>tag:20250409_105945_865ba1</id>
<updated>2025-04-09T10:59:45-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-04-09</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/ms_windows_commands.html">Windows: Command Names for Settings Panel and Special Folders</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/ms_windows_commands.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell: Single Quoted String</title>
<id>tag:20250404_105119_e1a084</id>
<updated>2025-04-04T10:51:19-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-04-02</time></div>

<p>
massive update
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/quote_string.html">PowerShell: Single Quoted String</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_string_expansion.html">PowerShell: Double Quoted String</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_list_file.html">PowerShell: List Files</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_filter_file_name_by_regex.html">PowerShell: Filter File Name by Regular Expression</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_regex_operators.html">PowerShell: Regular Expression Operators</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_regex_operators.html">PowerShell: Regular Expression Operators</a></li>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_regex_matches.html">PowerShell: Regex Result ($Matches)</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_load_file.html">PowerShell: Load a Script</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_boolean.html">PowerShell: True, False (boolean)</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/automatic_variables.html">PowerShell: Automatic Variables</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_hashtable.html">PowerShell: Hashtable, Dictionary</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_function.html">PowerShell: Define Function</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_function_params.html">PowerShell: Function Parameters</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_filter_array.html">PowerShell: Filter Array (where)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_print.html">PowerShell: Print</a></li>

<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_suppress_output.html">PowerShell: Suppress Command Output</a></li>

<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/piping_output_input.html">PowerShell: Pipe</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_profile.html">PowerShell: Profile (init file)</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_rename_file_space_to_lowline.html">PowerShell: Rename Files, Space to Lowline 💠</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_rename_file_bad_chars.html">PowerShell: Rename Files, Replace No-Break Space 💠</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Why Syntax is More Important Than Semantics</title>
<id>tag:20250324_101323_a687c</id>
<updated>2025-03-24T10:13:23-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-03-24</time></div>

<p>
massive. the importance of syntax.
</p>

<p>
Syntax is the most important aspect of a programing language
</p>

<p>
The quality of a programing language, can be judged by how much of it can be explained by its syntax alone.
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/syntax_vs_semantics.html">Why Syntax is More Important Than Semantics</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/formal_definition_of_systematic_grammar.html">Formal Definition of Systematic Grammar</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/comp_lang_conlang_grammar_complexity.html">Grammar Complexity of Conlang and Complang</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/composable_syntax.html">Composable Syntax</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/syntax_algebra.html">Syntax Algebra</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/syntactic_meaning_of_variable.html">Syntactic Meaning of Variable</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/ocaml_let_syntax.html">OCaml Syntax Sucks</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/problem_of_expressive_lang.html">Problem of Expressive Programing Languages</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/programing_variable_naming.html">Variable Naming: English Words Considered Harmful</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/sigil_for_function_parameter_names.html">Sigil for Variable Names</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/emacs/misc/an_eulogy_to_sigils_xi_phi.html">The Sigil War, Syntactic Indicator for Types of Function and Variable  (2016)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/emacs/misc/elisp_dollar_sign_name.html">Elisp: What is DOLLAR Sign and AT Sign in Variable Name</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/naming_of_predicate.html">Predicate in Programing Languages and Naming</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/perl/perl_sigil.html">Perl: Variable Name Prefix (aka Sigil)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/ruby/ruby_name_sigils.html">Ruby: Variable Name Conventions</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/automatic_variables.html">PowerShell: Automatic Variables</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/clojure/clojure_special_syntax.html">Clojure: Variable Name Conventions</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>History. Evolution of Lisp, Guy Steele, Richard Gabriel, 1993</title>
<id>tag:20250322_122041_778f20</id>
<updated>2025-03-22T12:20:41-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-03-22</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Evolution_of_Lisp.html">History. Evolution of Lisp, Guy Steele, Richard Gabriel, 1993</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Evolution_of_Lisp.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell: If Then Else (Flow Control)</title>
<id>tag:20250318_164305_6c25aa</id>
<updated>2025-03-18T16:43:05-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-03-18</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_flow_control.html">PowerShell: If Then Else (Flow Control)</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_here_string.html">PowerShell: Here-String</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Python: Dictionary Methods</title>
<id>tag:20250318_094124_e18f3c</id>
<updated>2025-03-18T09:41:24-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-03-16</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/python_dictionary_methods.html">Python: Dictionary Methods</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/python/copy_a_list.html">Python: Copy Nested List, Shallow Copy vs Deep Copy</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>UNIX Philosophy, Fast Food the UNIX way</title>
<id>tag:20250318_094041_b419f8</id>
<updated>2025-03-18T09:40:41-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-03-17</time></div>

<ul>
<li>finally, found the author</li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/_fastfood_dir/fastfood.html">UNIX Philosophy, Fast Food the UNIX way</a></li>
<li>written in 1983.</li>
<li>thanks to, someone on twitter (see my replies)</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>unix, the crime of humanity</li>
<li>brainwashed a few gen of coders</li>
<li>and hogged the progress of cpu for 3 decades</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/freebooks.html">The Unix Pestilence</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>A Short History of Open Source Movement</title>
<id>tag:20250315_102348_ab1813</id>
<updated>2025-03-15T10:23:48-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-02-13</time></div>

<h2>A Short History of Open Source Movement</h2>

<ul>
<li>open source origin is fsf, the free software foundation, in 80s, by richard stallman.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>in around 1998, it got robbed by esr (Eric S Rayman and other) to form a faction called open source, on the pretext that open source is more friendly to commercial corps.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>the 2 camp r enemies, to this day.</li>
<li>(but most people since 2010 have no idea, thinking they are same.)</li>
<li>richard stallman gets very angry and batshit if you by mistake thank him for “open source” movement.</li>
<li>by the way, it's on YouTube, but these days you can't find it become google is rotten.</li>
<li>you can find it on my website...</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>then, around 2010, open source became entirely taken over by deep usa controlled mega corps.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>today, basically 99.99% of open source, are funded, and controlled, by for profit giant corps, eg google facebook microsoft.</li>
<li>thus code of conduct etc.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>the harm is too many to list.</li>
<li>one of them is that it completely robbed social power of coders, which is the most critical profession for advancing a nation.</li>
<li>now, either you work for a for money corp, have comfy living, conform to what they say, or you become jobless.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1889799483971768416" data-accessed="2025-02-13" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1889799483971768416</a></li>
</ul>

<hr />

<h2>Stop The Open Source And Free Software Foundation Skam.</h2>

<ul>
<li>If you are a open source activist, and you get your money from a company that's not 100% open source, you are a skum.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>Note: this applies to not average open source proponent.</li>
<li>because like a lot pol movements (e.g. lgbtqtrans blm communism etc), lots youths don't know better.</li>
<li>but applies to severe type, like activists, constantly promoting it.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>If you insist on this, you might want to unfollow me.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>I have been a fsf fanatic, in late 90s.</li>
<li>Done lots livestream about it. Too many story to tell.</li>
<li>But it's helpless in social network era, especially with the zoomer dolts.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>If you are really good man of peace and share mentality, simply put your code free.</li>
<li>For legality, say it's public domain. That's it.</li>
<li>You don't even need any license.</li>
<li>Lots people especially in scientific community did this before fsf before open source, and i did it for all my Wolfram language and perl code in 90s.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1889793611698675961" data-accessed="2025-02-13" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1889793611698675961</a></li>
</ul>

<hr />

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/gnur.html">FSF Free Software, Open Source, and Communism</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>AI Chat Bots</title>
<id>tag:20250315_102259_acf787</id>
<updated>2025-03-15T10:22:59-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-03-09</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/ai/ai_chat_bots.html">AI Chat Bots</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_function_params.html">PowerShell: Function Parameters</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell Firewall vs Unix Shit</title>
<id>tag:20250315_102156_c7d9e8</id>
<updated>2025-03-15T10:21:56-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-03-09</time></div>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/PowerShell_2025-03-09_22609.png" alt="PowerShell 2025-03-09 22609" width="1092" height="917" />
<figcaption>
PowerShell 2025-03-09 22609
</figcaption>
</figure>

<ul>
<li>studying windows firewall in powershell.</li>
<li>very complex, but very well documented.</li>
<li>in contrast, on linux bsd, is one fucked up fuck.</li>
<li>i spend a month studying linux firewall and document it in 2013.</li>
<li>this is, the best iptable documentation.</li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/linux/linux_iptables_basics.html">Linux: Firewall, iptables Tutorial</a></li>
</ul>

<hr />

<ul>
<li>powershell, is ten times better than the unix linux bash fuck.</li>
<li>actually consistant, useful, syntax summary.</li>
<li>fuck, the C and unix fuckheads, that damaged computing industry for 3 decades.</li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/PowerShell_2025-03-09_22b87.png" alt="PowerShell 2025-03-09 22b87" width="735" height="926" />
<figcaption>
PowerShell 2025-03-09 22b87
</figcaption>
</figure>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>xAI Grok Logo</title>
<id>tag:20250315_100812_c0058d</id>
<updated>2025-03-15T10:08:12-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-03-15</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/logo_design/grok_logo.html">xAI Grok Logo</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/logo_design/index.html">Logo Design in Software Industry</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Firefox Forces HTTPS (2025-03)</title>
<id>tag:20250311_003456_3d53a7</id>
<updated>2025-03-11T00:34:56-07:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-03-11</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/Firefox_Forces_HTTPS.html">Firefox Forces HTTPS (2025-03)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/why_no_https.html">Why Not https?</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/google_index.html">Google Crimes</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: Source Code Encoding and Unicode</title>
<id>tag:20250301_102759_cdc899</id>
<updated>2025-03-01T10:27:59-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-03-01</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/mathematica_unicode.html">Wolfram: Source Code Encoding and Unicode</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/M/mathematica_unicode.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Command Line Interface (REPL) vs Notebook Interface</title>
<id>tag:20250224_214644_108a1</id>
<updated>2025-02-24T21:46:44-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-02-24</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/shell_repl_vs_notebook.html">Command Line Interface (REPL) vs Notebook Interface</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/shell_repl_vs_notebook.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Share Files Between Windows, Mac, Androd, Iphone. Index</title>
<id>tag:20250220_071921_fb6a22</id>
<updated>2025-02-20T07:19:21-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-02-20</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/file_sharing_how_to.html">Share Files Between Windows, Mac, Androd, Iphone. Index</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/bluetooth_share_file_from_android_to_windows.html">Send Files from Android to Windows via BlueTooth</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/bluetooth_share_file_from_android_to_mac.html">Send Files from Android to Mac via BlueTooth</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Windows Sucks: Mouse Wheel Does Not Always Work</title>
<id>tag:20250216_000451_11a8b1</id>
<updated>2025-02-16T00:04:51-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-02-15</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/mswin_10_ui_design_mouse_wheel.html">Windows Sucks: Mouse Wheel Does Not Always Work</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/windows_10_bitmap_font.html">Windows 10 Still Using Bitmap Font</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/discord_ui_checkbox_radio_button.html">Discord UI Design, Checkbox Radio Button Problem</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>What is Algebraic Data Types?</title>
<id>tag:20250216_000437_a0de</id>
<updated>2025-02-16T00:04:37-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-02-13</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/algebraic_data_type.html">What is Algebraic Data Types?</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/algebraic_data_type.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Why Not https?</title>
<id>tag:20250214_154409_8cdcc7</id>
<updated>2025-02-14T15:44:09-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-02-14</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/why_no_https.html">Why Not https?</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/w/why_no_https.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell: Read File</title>
<id>tag:20250211_184728_7ffc0</id>
<updated>2025-02-11T18:47:28-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-02-11</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_read_file.html">PowerShell: Read File</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_regex_operators.html">PowerShell: Regular Expression Operators</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Golang: Struct</title>
<id>tag:20250211_183845_7bddeb</id>
<updated>2025-02-11T18:38:45-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-02-11</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/golang/golang_struct.html">Golang: Struct</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/golang/golang_zero_value.html">Golang: Zero Value</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/struct_datatype_and_namespace.html">Why Does Struct Datatype Encroach Namespace?</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell: Search Text in Files (grep)</title>
<id>tag:20250210_182938_4c8a1a</id>
<updated>2025-02-10T18:29:38-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-02-09</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_find_text.html">PowerShell: Search Text in Files (grep)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_find_text.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Windows: Networking Commands Tutorial</title>
<id>tag:20250209_121133_e1411</id>
<updated>2025-02-09T12:11:33-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-02-08</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/Windows_networking.html">Windows: Networking Commands Tutorial</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/mac_windows_networking.html">How to Share File Between Mac and Windows (2009)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Windows: Turn on File Sharing</title>
<id>tag:20250206_204150_f0e57f</id>
<updated>2025-02-06T20:41:50-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-02-06</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/turn_on_mswin_file_sharing.html">Windows: Turn on File Sharing</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/file_sharing.html">PowerShell: Turn on File Sharing</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_string_expansion.html">PowerShell: QUOTATION MARK Quoted String, String Expansion</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Windows: File Explorer Keyboard Shortcuts</title>
<id>tag:20250204_110220_c5af2f</id>
<updated>2025-02-04T11:02:20-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-02-04</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/windows_file_explorer_shortcuts.html">Windows: File Explorer Keyboard Shortcuts</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/windows_file_explorer_shortcuts.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: Function</title>
<id>tag:20250203_232756_4f38c6</id>
<updated>2025-02-03T23:27:56-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-02-03</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_function.html">Wolfram: Function</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_function.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Windows, how to copy file path in explorer</title>
<id>tag:20250203_214933_403cab</id>
<updated>2025-02-03T21:49:33-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-02-03</time></div>

<h2>Windows, how to copy file path in explorer</h2>

<p>
hold shift and right click.
</p>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Stop Windows 10 End of Support Warning</title>
<id>tag:20250203_214848_6d9733</id>
<updated>2025-02-03T21:48:48-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-02-03</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/windows10_end_of_support_warning.html">Microsoft Windows 10 End of Support Warning</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/MS_windows_registry.html">Windows: Registry Tutorial</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_registry.html">PowerShell: Windows Registry</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of Ugliness of Software Tech</title>
<id>tag:20250131_112759_d1d1fd</id>
<updated>2025-01-31T11:27:59-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-31</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/why_software_tech_is_ugly.html">An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of Ugliness of Software Tech</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/why_software_tech_is_ugly.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Lee's Resume, Most Proud Projects</title>
<id>tag:20250129_114515_798474</id>
<updated>2025-01-29T11:45:15-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-28</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Xah_Lee_resume_projects.html">Xah Lee's Resume, Most Proud Projects</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Xah_Lee_resume_projects.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Xah Talk Show 2025-01-20 Ep608 Wolfram Language, Association List (Dictionary, Map, Hashtable)</title>
<id>tag:20250129_033941_58b1d4</id>
<updated>2025-01-29T03:39:41-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-29</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_2025-01-20.html">Xah Talk Show 2025-01-20 Ep608 Wolfram Language, Association List (Dictionary, Map, Hashtable)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/talk_show/xah_talk_show_2025-01-20.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Windows: Open Control Panel</title>
<id>tag:20250128_133557_7136b1</id>
<updated>2025-01-28T13:35:57-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-26</time></div>

<p>
huge updates.
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/mswin_open_control_panel.html">Windows: Open Control Panel</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/turn_on_mswin_file_sharing.html">Windows: Turn on File Sharing</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/mac_access_shared_files_on_windows.html">Mac: Access Shared Files on Windows from Mac</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/share_file_win_to_mac_wifi.html">How to Share File from Windows to Mac via Wifi</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/mac_turn_on_file_sharing.html">Mac: Turn on File Sharing</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_attributes.html">PowerShell: Show File Attributes</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_list_file_with_attribute_x.html">PowerShell: List Files with Specific Attribute</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/powershell_acl.html">PowerShell: Change File Owner/ACL</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/mswin/index.html">Microsoft Windows Tips</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Programing Language Rant on C</title>
<id>tag:20250127_201257_acab47</id>
<updated>2025-01-27T20:12:57-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-26</time></div>

<h2>Programing Language Rant on C</h2>

<ul>
<li>the only reason C exist today, is meme.</li>
<li>C today, is a chad meme.</li>
<li>its convoluted nature makes it the  real man's lang.</li>
<li>C always has air of real man's lang, like unix.</li>
<li>Anything that's difficult to use, gets that air.</li>
<li>so, u wanna be a real man? use C, unix.</li>
<li>that was the saying, since 30 years ago.</li>
<li>the style of saying that, changed a bit over the decade.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>c and cpp, both, are the worst skums in the universe</li>
<li>began, with c</li>
<li>and cpp, is just let's ride c and make me popular</li>
<li>and they together, breeds the intel chips skam</li>
<li>so for 30 or more years, we stuck with the intel 86 fuck</li>
<li>fucked the entire computing industry for 4 decades</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/why_i_hate_C_lang.html">Why I Hate the C Language</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PowerShell upgrade</title>
<id>tag:20250127_201045_997809</id>
<updated>2025-01-27T20:10:45-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-25</time></div>

<ul>
<li>for computer professionals.</li>
<li>aka tech bro, who made america great with nuke n rockets n AI.</li>
<li>not laywers and talking heads and stock friers.</li>
<li>upgraded to powershell 7.5</li>
</ul>

<figure>
<img src="http://xahlee.info/comp/i/powershell_7.5_2025-01-27_200722.png" alt="powershell 7.5 2025-01-27 200722" width="577" height="755" />
<figcaption>
powershell 7.5 2025-01-27 200722
</figcaption>
</figure>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/powershell/index.html">PowerShell Tutorial</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/logo_design/powershell_logo.html">PowerShell Logo</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>On Open Source Tech, and Their Political Affiliations</title>
<id>tag:20250127_194907_5970ee</id>
<updated>2025-01-27T19:49:07-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-26</time></div>

<h2>On Open Source Tech, and Their Political Affiliations</h2>

<ul>
<li>A lot coders told me they are against using fsharp csharp PowerShell, because they hate Bill Gates.</li>
<li>But also, some have told me they are against golang, because Google is evil.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>Note, The whole dotnet, including csharp fsharp powershell, is opensource.</li>
<li>Also, Rust, Golang, all google products, facebook, they went men can get pregnat or you get banned.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1883569056252575851" data-accessed="2025-01-27" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://x.com/xah_lee/status/1883569056252575851</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Rich Hickey (Clojure creator) Says Open Source is Not About You</title>
<id>tag:20250125_133744_600c9b</id>
<updated>2025-01-25T13:37:44-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-24</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Rich_Hickey_rant_open_source.html">Rich Hickey (Clojure creator) Says Open Source is Not About You</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Rich_Hickey_rant_open_source.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Beware of the Ai Fear Mongering (2025-01)</title>
<id>tag:20250125_112605_365bdd</id>
<updated>2025-01-25T11:26:05-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-25</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/ai_fear_mongering.html">Beware of the Ai Fear Mongering (2025-01)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/ai_fear_mongering.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Golang Tutorial</title>
<id>tag:20250122_222557_6a9869</id>
<updated>2025-01-22T22:25:57-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-22</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/golang/golang_index.html">Golang Tutorial</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/golang/golang_print_string.html">Golang: Print String as Byte, Char, Integer</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/golang/golang_slice.html">Golang: Slice</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/golang/golang_append_to_slice.html">Golang: Append to Slice</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>master go programing language.</li>
<li>The best industrial programing language.</li>
<li>Best functional programing language is fsharp.</li>
<li>Best general purpose language is Wolfram language.</li>
<li>worst langs are, c, cpp, python, JavaScript.</li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Github: Abuse Detected If JavaScript Off (2019-05)</title>
<id>tag:20250114_184547_b1a028</id>
<updated>2025-01-14T18:45:47-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-14</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/github_abuse_detected.html">Github: Abuse Detected If JavaScript Off (2019-05)</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/github_abuse_detected.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Java Marketing Hype (1995 to 2024)</title>
<id>tag:20250114_144359_affb5</id>
<updated>2025-01-14T14:43:59-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-14</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/Java_Marketing_Hype.html">Java Marketing Hype (1995 to 2024)</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/writ/jargons.html">Jargons of Software Industry</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>COMPUTER SCIENCE. What is Term-Rewriting System vs Regular Expression</title>
<id>tag:20250113_172136_a65b63</id>
<updated>2025-01-13T17:21:36-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-11</time></div>

<h2>COMPUTER SCIENCE. What is Term-Rewriting System vs Regular Expression</h2>

<ul>
<li>Wolfram language, as term-rewriting system.</li>
<li>where you have pattern matching and replacement, similar to regular expression.</li>
<li>but regular expression works on strings, while the term-rewriting system basically considers the source code as string (sequence of symbols forming terms aka expression).</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>regular expression only matches basically linear expression.</li>
<li>Wolfram language pattern can match nested expression, so it can get very complex on just which part of expression are replaced, tree depth levels and priority.</li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_ReplaceAll.html">Wolfram: ReplaceAll</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_replace.html">Wolfram: Replace Expression by Pattern</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_pattern_matching_level.html">Wolfram: Pattern Matching and Level Spec</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Web Spam, Scam, SEO</title>
<id>tag:20250113_171202_e0313a</id>
<updated>2025-01-13T17:12:02-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-12</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/spam_index.html">Web Spam, Scam, SEO</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/w/spam_index.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: String</title>
<id>tag:20250108_152437_9e9491</id>
<updated>2025-01-08T15:24:37-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-07</time></div>

<p>
complete update on Wolfram language string functions.
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_string.html">Wolfram: String</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_string_functions.html">Wolfram: String Functions</a></li>

<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_get_substring.html">Wolfram: Get SubString, by Index</a></li>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_get_substring_by_pattern.html">Wolfram: Get SubString, by Pattern</a></li>

<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_join_string.html">Wolfram: String Join</a></li>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_string_insert.html">Wolfram: String Insert</a></li>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_del_substring.html">Wolfram: Delete SubString</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_substring.html">Wolfram: String Match</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_string_replace.html">Wolfram: String Replace</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_string_convert.html">Wolfram: Convert String</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_format_string.html">Wolfram: String Template (format)</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_number.html">Wolfram: Number</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_arithmetic.html">Wolfram: Arithmetic Basics</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_numerical_result.html">Wolfram: Force Numerical Result</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Comp Lang: Comment Syntax</title>
<id>tag:20250107_134117_f9cc6b</id>
<updated>2025-01-07T13:41:17-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-07</time></div>

<ul>
<li>Computer science.</li>
<li>Programing language syntax design.</li>
<li>A gander into Comment Syntax</li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/comment_syntax.html">Comp Lang: Comment Syntax</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Wolfram: Association (Key Value List)</title>
<id>tag:20250105_194512_4cba80</id>
<updated>2025-01-05T19:45:12-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-02</time></div>

<p>
major update.
now the association section is complete.
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_association.html">Wolfram: Association (Key Value List)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_association_get.html">Wolfram: Association. Get Value</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_Association_union.html">Wolfram: Association. Union, Intersection, Complement, Etc</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/M/wl_create_association.html">Wolfram: Create Association</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li>🆕 <a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_list_count.html">Wolfram: List. Count, Group, Similar Items</a></li>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_list_restructure.html">Wolfram: List Reshape (split, group, flatten, transpose)</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_function_shortcut.html">Wolfram: Function Syntax Shortcut</a></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/M/WolframLang_Delete.html">Wolfram: Delete Element in List</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/blog.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Rename JavaScript to JS</title>
<id>tag:20250101_174155_d1ee9b</id>
<updated>2025-01-01T17:41:55-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-01</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/w/rename_javascript_to_js.html">Rename JavaScript to JS</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/w/rename_javascript_to_js.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>Kite Code Copilot</title>
<id>tag:20250101_172837_917232</id>
<updated>2025-01-01T17:28:37-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2024-12-30</time></div>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/comp/kite_code_copilot.html">Kite Code Copilot</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/comp/kite_code_copilot.html"/>
</entry>

<entry>
<title>PHP Tutorial</title>
<id>tag:20250101_134549_9134df</id>
<updated>2025-01-01T13:45:49-08:00</updated>
 <content type="xhtml">
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><section>

<div class="date_xl"><time>2025-01-01</time></div>

<p>
updated my php tutorial from 2007, just a tiny bit.
</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://xahlee.info/php/index.html">PHP Tutorial</a></li>
</ul>

</section></div>
 </content>
<link rel="alternate" href="http://xahlee.info/php/index.html"/>
</entry>

</feed>
