Python: The .format (String Method)

format Method

str.format(arg1, arg2, etc).

Inside the string, use {spec} as placeholder. spec is specification for the format, can be empty.

print("{} cats {} dogs.".format(3,4))
# 3 cats 4 dogs.

Use double curly bracketss {{}} to include literal curly brackets pair {}

# use {{}} to include literal {}
print("curly brackets {{}}".format())
# curly brackets {}

Format Codes

String

# {:s} is for string
print("{:s}".format("cat"))
# cat

Integer

# integer
print("{:d}".format(3))
# 3

to Binary

# to binary
print("{:b}".format(3))
# 11

to Hexadecimal

# to hexadecimal
print("{:x}".format(10))
# a

List

# list
print("{:}".format([7, 8]))
# [7, 8]

Add number separator

print("{:,}".format(123456789) == "123,456,789")
# True

Change Format Argument Order

print("{1:}, {0:}".format(3, 4) == "4, 3")
# True