Unicode: Rune ᚠ ᚢ ᛋ ᛟ

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Unicode Rune Characters

ᚠ ᚡ ᚢ ᚣ ᚤ ᚥ ᚦ ᚧ ᚨ ᚩ ᚪ ᚫ ᚬ ᚭ ᚮ ᚯ ᚰ ᚱ ᚲ ᚳ ᚴ ᚵ ᚶ ᚷ ᚸ ᚹ ᚺ ᚻ ᚼ ᚽ ᚾ ᚿ ᛀ ᛁ ᛂ ᛃ ᛄ ᛅ ᛆ ᛇ ᛈ ᛉ ᛊ ᛋ ᛌ ᛍ ᛎ ᛏ ᛐ ᛑ ᛒ ᛓ ᛔ ᛕ ᛖ ᛗ ᛘ ᛙ ᛚ ᛛ ᛜ ᛝ ᛞ ᛟ ᛠ ᛡ ᛢ ᛣ ᛤ ᛥ ᛦ ᛧ ᛨ ᛩ ᛪ

Punctuation ᛫ ᛬ ᛭

Franks casket ᛴ ᛵ ᛶ ᛷ ᛸ

Calendar symbols ᛮ ᛯ ᛰ

Tolkien ᛱ ᛲ ᛳ

What is Runic Script

• Runic Script were used for several rune alphabets around year 150 to 1500.
• Runes are phonetic alphabet. Each letter represent a sound.
• Rune alphabets was used to write various Germanic languages before the adoption of the Latin alphabet.

Germanic languages

Germanic languages includes:

• North Germanic: Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, Icelandic, Faroese.
• West Germanic: English, German, Dutch.
• East Germanic (extinct): Gothic.

Types of Runic Alphabets

• Year 150 to 800. Elder Futhark.
• Year 400 to 1100. Anglo-Saxon runes. → extended and adopted for Old English.
• Year 700 to 1100. Younger Futhark. It has 2 variants, called Long-branch and short-twig.
• Year 1100 to 1500. Medieval runes

Note, there's also Tokien rune. It is based on Anglo-Saxon rune and used in the novel the Hobbit. Reference: 11096r-n4013r-runic-additions.pdf

Elder Futhark

ᚠ ᚢ ᚦ ᚨ ᚱ ᚲ ᚷ ᚹ ᚺ ᚾ ᛁ ᛃ ᛈ ᛇ ᛉ ᛊ ᛏ ᛒ ᛖ ᛗ ᛚ ᛜ ᛞ ᛟ

Anglo-Saxon Runes

ᚠ ᚢ ᚦ ᚩ ᚱ ᚳ ᚷ ᚹ ᚻ ᚾ ᛁ ᛄ ᛇ ᛈ ᛉ ᛋ (ᚴ) ᛏ ᛒ ᛖ ᛗ ᛚ ᛝ ᛟ ᛞ ᚪ ᚫ ᚣ ᛡ ᛠ

Younger Futhark, long-branch

ᚠ ᚢ ᚦ ᚬ ᚱ ᚴ ᚼ ᚾ ᛁ ᛅ ᛋ ᛏ ᛒ ᛘ ᛚ ᛦ

Younger Futhark, short-twig

ᚠ ᚢ ᚦ ᚭ ᚱ ᚴ ᚽ ᚿ ᛁ ᛆ ᛌ ᛐ ᛓ ᛙ ᛚ ᛧ

Medieval Runes

ᛆ ᛒ ᛍ ᛑ ᚧ ᛂ ᚠ ᚵ ᚼ ᛁ ᚴ ᛚ ᛘ ᚿ ᚮ ᛔ (ᛕ) ᛩ ᚱ ᛌ ᛋ ᛐ ᚢ ᚡ (ᚢ) ᚥ ᛪ ᛦ (ᚤ) (ᛨ) ᛎ ᚦ ᛅ ᛆ ᚯ

Franks Casket

The Franks Casket (or the Auzon Casket) is a small Anglo-Saxon whale's bone chest from the early 8th century. The casket is densely decorated with knife-cut narrative scenes in flat two-dimensional low-relief and with inscriptions mostly in Anglo-Saxon runes. Generally reckoned to be of Northumbrian origin, it is of unique importance for the insight it gives into early Anglo-Saxon art and culture. Both identifying the images and interpreting the runic inscriptions has generated a considerable amount of scholarship.

[from Wikipedia, 2019-06-03]

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