This page shows all math related symbols that exists in Unicode, and are grouped roughly by their purpose.
Some Greeks α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ ς τ υ φ χ ψ ω
superscript ⁰ ¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ ⁶ ⁷ ⁸ ⁹ ⁺ ⁻ ⁼ ⁽ ⁾ ⁿ ⁱ
subscript ₀ ₁ ₂ ₃ ₄ ₅ ₆ ₇ ₈ ₉ ₊ ₋ ₌ ₍ ₎ ₐ ₑ ₕ ᵢ ⱼ ₖ ₗ ₘ ₙ ₒ ₚ ᵣ ₛ ₜ ᵤ ᵥ ₓ ₔ
Roots √ ∛ ∜
Sets ℕ ℤ ℚ ℝ ℂ
Constants ℯ ℇ ℵ ⅇ ⅈ ⅉ ∅ ∞ ⧜ ⧝ ⧞
Basic binary operators × ÷
⊕ ⊖ ⊗ ⊘ ⊙ ⊚ ⊛ ⊜ ⊝
⊞ ⊟ ⊠ ⊡
− ∕ ∗ ∘ ∙ ⋅ ⋆
element of ∈ ∋ ∉ ∌ ⋶ ⋽ ⋲ ⋺ ⋳ ⋻
misc ∊ ∍ ⋷ ⋾ ⋴ ⋼ ⋵ ⋸ ⋹ ⫙ ⟒
binary relation of sets ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇ ⊈ ⊉ ⊊ ⊋ ⊄ ⊅ ⫅ ⫆ ⫋ ⫌ ⫃ ⫄ ⫇ ⫈ ⫉ ⫊ ⟃ ⟄ ⫏ ⫐ ⫑ ⫒ ⫓ ⫔ ⫕ ⫖ ⫗ ⫘ ⋐ ⋑ ⟈ ⟉
Union ∪ ⩁ ⩂ ⩅ ⩌ ⩏ ⩐
Intersection ∩ ⩀ ⩃ ⩄ ⩍ ⩎
Binary operator on sets ∖ ⩆ ⩇ ⩈ ⩉ ⩊ ⩋ ⪽ ⪾ ⪿ ⫀ ⫁ ⫂ ⋒ ⋓
N-nary operator on sets ⋂ ⋃ ⊌ ⊍ ⊎ ⨃ ⨄ ⨅ ⨆
Joins ⨝ ⟕ ⟖ ⟗
Precede and succeed ≺ ≻ ≼ ≽ ≾ ≿ ⊀ ⊁ ⋞ ⋟ ⋠ ⋡ ⋨ ⋩ ⪯ ⪰ ⪱ ⪲ ⪳ ⪴ ⪵ ⪶ ⪷ ⪸ ⪹ ⪺ ⪻ ⪼
less and greater < > ≮ ≯ ≤ ≥ ≰ ≱ ⪇ ⪈ ≦ ≧ ≨ ≩
less and greater 2 ⋜ ⋝ ⪙ ⪚ ≶ ≷ ≸ ≹ ⋚ ⋛ ⪋ ⪌ ⪑ ⪒ ⪓ ⪔
with approx ⪅ ⪆ ⪉ ⪊
less and greater with equivalence ≲ ≳ ⋦ ⋧ ≴ ≵
less and greater with similarity ⪝ ⪞ ⪟ ⪠ ⪍ ⪎ ⪏ ⪐
less and greater slanted ⩽ ⩾ ⫹ ⫺ ⪕ ⪖ ⪛ ⪜
less and greater misc ⪣ ⪤ ⪥ ⪦ ⪧ ⪨ ⪩ ⪪ ⪫ ⪬ ⪭ ⪡ ⪢ ⫷ ⫸ ⩹ ⩺ ⩻ ⩼ ≪ ≫ ⋘ ⋙ ≬
Order relation with dot ⋖ ⋗ ⩿ ⪀ ⪗ ⪘ ⪁ ⪂ ⪃ ⪄
equality ≝ ≞ ≟ ≠ ∹ ≎ ≏ ⪮ ≐ ≑ ≒ ≓ ≔ ≕ ≖ ≗ ≘ ≙ ≚ ≛ ≜ ⩬ ⩭ ⩮ ⩱ ⩲ ⩦ ⩴ ⩵ ⩶ ⩷
Identity ≡ ≢ ⩧
Equivalence ≍ ≭ ≣ ⩸
Approx/almost/asymptotic equality ≁ ≂ ≃ ≄ ⋍ ≅ ≆ ≇ ≈ ≉ ≊ ≋ ≌ ⩯ ⩰
Misc equality ∻
Misc relations ⊏ ⊐ ⊑ ⊒ ⊓ ⊔ ⋢ ⋣ ⋤ ⋥ ⫴ ⫵
Normal subgroups ⊲ ⊳ ⊴ ⊵ ⋪ ⋫ ⋬ ⋭
Logic ¬ ⫬ ⫭ ⊨ ⊭ ∀ ∁ ∃ ∄ ∴ ∵ ⊦ ⊬ ⊧ ⊩ ⊮ ⊫ ⊯ ⊪ ⊰ ⊱
Logic binary ∧ ∨ ⊻ ⊼ ⊽ ⋎ ⋏ ⟑ ⟇ ⩑ ⩒ ⩓ ⩔ ⩕ ⩖ ⩗ ⩘ ⩙ ⩚ ⩛ ⩜ ⩝ ⩞ ⩟ ⩠ ⩢ ⩣ ⨇ ⨈
Logic n-nary ⋀ ⋁
Geometry ∣ ∤ ⫮ ⌅ ⌆ ℓ ⫛
Ratio, proportion ∝ ∶ ∷ ∺
Parallel, perpendicular ∥ ∦ ⫲ ⫳ ⋕ ⟂ ⫡
Right angle ∟ ⊾ ⦜ ⦝ ⊿
Angles ∠ ∡ ⦛ ⦞ ⦟ ⦢ ⦣ ⦤ ⦥ ⦦ ⦧ ⦨ ⦩ ⦪ ⦫ ⦬ ⦭ ⦮ ⦯ ⦓ ⦔ ⦕ ⦖ ⟀
Spherical angle ∢ ⦠ ⦡
Bracket operators ⌈ ⌉ ⌊ ⌋ ⫍ ⫎
integrals ∫ ∬ ∭ ∮ ∯ ∰ ∱ ∲ ∳ ⨋ ⨌ ⨍ ⨎ ⨏ ⨐ ⨑ ⨒ ⨓ ⨔ ⨕ ⨖ ⨗ ⨘ ⨙ ⨚ ⨛ ⨜
Derivative ∂ ′ ″ ‴ ∆
vector ⨯ ∇ ⊹
Tilde Operators ∼ ∽ ⩪ ⩫ ⩳
Misc Operators ⋄ ⫶ ⫼ ⫾
Misc products ≀ ⨿ ⨼ ⨽ ⧢ ⋉ ⋊ ⋋ ⋌
n-nary sum ∑ ⨊ ⨁
n-nary product ⨀ ⨂ ∏ ∐ ⨉
Mathematica ⧴
Plus ⨢ ⨣ ⨤ ⨥ ⨦ ⨧ ⨨ ⨭ ⨮
∔ ⧺ ⧻
minus sign ∸ ⨩ ⨪ ⨫ ⨬
multiplication, product ⨰ ⨱ ⨲ ⨳
division ⋇ ⟌ ⟠
Misc indicators ∎ ± ∓ ⋮ ⋯ ⋰ ⋱
Misc symbols ∿
Tacks ⊣ ⊢ ⊥ ⊤ ⟘ ⟙ ⟛ ⟝ ⟞ ⟟ ⫧ ⫨ ⫩ ⫪ ⫫ ⫞ ⫟ ⫠
Turnstiles ⫢ ⫣ ⫤ ⫥ ⟚
Z notation ⦁ ⦂ ⨾ ⨟ ⨠ ⨡ ⩤ ⩥ ⦇ ⦈ ⦉ ⦊
Solidus, slash ⧵ ⧶ ⧷ ⧸ ⫽ ⫻ ⧹
maps, mapping, transform ⊶ ⊷ ⊸ ⟜ ⧟
empty set ⦰ ⦱ ⦲ ⦳ ⦴
Unsorted ⦵ ⦶ ⦷ ⦸ ⦹ ⦺ ⦻ ⨴ ⨵ ⨶ ⨷ ⨸ ⦼
Unsorted ⦽ ⧀ ⧁ ⧂ ⧃
Unsorted ⧡ ⧣ ⧤ ⧥ ⧦ ⧧
Unsorted ⧾ ⨞ ⧊ ⧋ ⧌ ⧍ ⨹ ⨺ ⨻
Unsorted ⧎ ⧏ ⧐ ⩡ ⩨ ⩩ ⫝̸ ⫝ ⫦
⫯ ⫰ ⫱
Unsorted ∾ ⊺ ⋔ ⫚ ⟊ ⟔ ⟓ ⟡ ⟢ ⟣ ⟤ ⟥
These are roughly all math symbols under the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP). A symbol is considered a math symbol if its Unicode name indicate so, or, it is widely recognized as a math symbol (⁖ ℝ ⅈ π). The total number of chars on this page is about 766.
For arrows and bracketing chars, if a char's Unicode name does not explicitly indicate that it is a operator or math symbol, they are not included here. For a list of them, see:
There are more math symbols but are outside of BMP. In particular, there are several complete A to z sets of styled englesh letters, such as double-struck chars (ℂ ℝ ⅈ ⅉ) gothic-styled letters (ℭ ℑ ℌ ℜ ℨ), scripted letter forms (ℓ ℱ ℒ ℛ). You can see some discussion here: Math Font, Unicode, Gothic Letters, Double Struck.
Note: this page will be improved over the coming months. The bunch of less used misc symbols at the bottom can be organized more into different categories.
Emacs is a excellent tool for finding out Unicode's character code or as a Unicode char browser. See:
The symbols are roughly grouped by purpose, and with respect to the symbol's semantics, as opposed to their appearance.
For example, there are many similar looking symbols, and in different fonts they may look different or identical. Example:
Another example:
The Unicode names give indication of the symbol's meaning. There are some 20 more symbols that's made up wavy line(s) and or horizontal line(s). When you choose a symbol, your choice should be based on the symbol's meaning according to the symbol's Unicode name, when possible. Because what you see as rendered by a font may be very different from another font, and often font designers simply got the shape wrong, especially for less common chars.
Also, i've organized these symbols with respect to possible use in calculational proof styled notation and formal language. ⁖ use in computer proof languages (⁖ Hol, Coq, Isabelle, OCaml) or computer algebra systems (⁖ Mathematica), or manually created notations for humans following the calculational proof perspective. In such systems, symbols have a precise syntax and semantics. They are parsed by a compiler. In the case of “calculational proof” notation, the symbols are used in a more consistent way. This is in contrast to traditional math notation (⁖ most journals or text books produced by TeX/LaTeX) where the symbols serve as a pictures arranged in special positions and sizes for human communication. Their meaning are based on context and traditional understanding, and do not have a grammar. See: