Emacs: Jargons (Glossary)

By Xah Lee. Date: . Last updated: .

If you are new to emacs, here's some emacs jargons, terminology explained:

Editing

point

current cursor position. (beginning of file is 1)

mark

A cursor position, that starts text selection.

region

Text selection

kill

cut text.

kill ring

a history of copied text.

yank

paste

transient mark mode

A preference setting, to have text selection highlighted

cua-mode

A preference setting, to have standard undo cut copy paste keys (z x c v)

rectangle

a rectangular area of text.

fill-region

reformat lines so each line is no longer than 70 chars. (aka. hard-wrap lines.)

Universal Argument, prefix arg, digit argument

give argument to command.

Buffer and File

buffer

A opened file, or unsaved new file, or a working area where emacs displays text. Similar to browser's β€œtab”.

visiting file

Basically means a opened file. when a buffer's content is from a file, it's said the buffer is visiting the file.

find file

open a file.

Mode

major mode

a setting for a buffer for a specialized task, e.g. edit programing language, view files in a dir, view image, shell, etc.

minor mode

a specialized setting, usually for all buffers. Think of this as a preference setting.

hook

a variable that stores a list of functions, to be called when some event happens.

Keyboard Keys

keybinding

a keyboard shortcut for a command. or, the process of defining one.

meta key

a key that exist on lisp keyboards.

by default, it's the Alt key on Microsoft Windows and Linux. βŒ₯ option key on the Mac.

super key, hyper key

a key that exist on lisp keyboards.

Graphical User Interface Elements

frame

Window

window

A frame in a split window

minibuffer

a special buffer that pops up at bottom to displays prompts and user input.

echo area

the bottom line of the screen that displays messages temporarily. The messages are stored in Emacs: Messages Buffer.

mode line

the bar at the bottom of a emacs window, indicating file name and major mode it's in.

face

text style. e.g. font, size, coloring, underline, etc.

font lock

syntax coloring.

Fringe area

little vertical strip area on left and right sides of a window.

sometimes used to display line number or line return symbol to indicate line continuation.

emacs 29 fringe 2023-09-01
emacs 29 fringe 2023-09-01

Misc

Recursive Edit

A recursive edit means a command is halted and can be resumed later, usually when a lisp error occurred.

Emacs Principle